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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 66, Shloka 5

अयोध्यायां शोकविलापः

Lamentation in Ayodhya after Daśaratha’s death

भर्तारं तं परित्यज्य का स्त्री दैवतमात्मनः।इच्छेज्जीवितुमन्यत्र कैकेय्यास्त्यक्तधर्मणः।।।।

bhartāraṁ taṁ parityajya kā strī daivatam ātmanaḥ | icchej jīvitum anyatra kaikeyyās tyaktadharmaṇaḥ ||

Какая женщина, оставив мужа — своего живого бога, — пожелала бы ещё жить? Ни одна, кроме Кайкейи, отвергшей дхарму.

vihāyahaving left
vihāya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√hā (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), indeclinable verbal; 'having left'
māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine/Personal pronoun, Accusative (2nd), Singular
gataḥhas gone
gataḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया; participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; predicative with 'rāmaḥ'
rāmaḥRama
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
bhartāhusband, lord
bhartā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-avyaya (समुच्चय; conjunction)
svargataḥgone to heaven
svargataḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga + √gam (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormPast participle used adjectivally: 'gone to heaven'; Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; qualifying 'bhartā'
mamamy
mama:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th), Singular
vipatheon a wrong path
vipathe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvipatha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
sārthahīnāwithout companions
sārthahīnā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsārtha + hīna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: sārthena hīnā); Feminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; simile-subject for 'aham'
ivalike
iva:
Upamā-marker (उपमा-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-vācaka avyaya
nanot
na:
Niṣedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-avyaya (निषेध; negation particle)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st), Singular
jīvitumto live
jīvitum:
Karma (कर्म; infinitival object)
TypeVerb
Root√jīv (धातु) + tumun (तुमुन्)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्), indeclinable verbal; object of 'utsahe'
utsaheI am able / I desire
utsahe:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√sah (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्; present), Ātmanepada, 1st person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular

Which woman wishes to live, leaving her god-like husband, except Kaikeyi who has given up her sense of duty?

K
Kaikeyī
H
Husband (Daśaratha, implied)

FAQs

The verse asserts that dharma sustains relationships and social order; abandoning duty toward one’s rightful spouse (and by extension the household’s moral center) is portrayed as a grave ethical collapse.

Kauśalyā, overwhelmed by Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile, denounces Kaikeyī as uniquely capable of living after causing such rupture.

The ideal of fidelity and reverence within marriage (as Kauśalyā understands it), contrasted with Kaikeyī’s perceived moral abandonment.