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Shloka 23

क्रोधागारप्रवेशः — Entry into the Chamber of Wrath

Kaikeyī’s Protest

स वृद्धस्तरुणीं भार्यां प्राणेभ्योपि गरीयसीम्।।।।अपापः पापसङ्कल्पां ददर्श धरणीतले।लतामिव विनिष्कृत्तां पतितां देवतामिव।।।।किन्नरीमिव निर्धूतां च्युतामप्सरसं यथा।मायामिव परिभ्रष्टां हरिणीमिव संयताम्।।।।

sa vṛddhas taruṇīṃ bhāryāṃ prāṇebhyo 'pi garīyasīm |

apāpaḥ pāpasaṅkalpāṃ dadarśa dharaṇītale |

latām iva viniṣkṛttāṃ patitāṃ devatām iva |

kinnarīm iva nirdhūtāṃ cyutām apsarasaṃ yathā |

māyām iva paribhraṣṭāṃ hariṇīm iva saṃyatām ||

Старый царь — сердцем простодушный, без коварства — увидел свою юную супругу, дороже ему самой жизни, лежащую на земле, хотя замыслы её были греховны. Она казалась, как отсечённая лиана, как павшая богиня, как низринутная киннари, как апсара, сорвавшаяся с небес, как расстроенная иллюзия, как связанная лань.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
vṛddhaḥaged
vṛddhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvṛddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies 'saḥ'
taruṇīmyoung
taruṇīm:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roottaruṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies 'bhāryām'
bhāryāmwife
bhāryām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
prāṇebhyaḥthan (his) life-breaths
prāṇebhyaḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Pañcamī vibhakti (5th/पञ्चमी), Bahuvacana
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; sambhāvanā/saṃgraha particle (even/also)
garīyasīmdearer/more precious
garīyasīm:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootgarīyas (प्रातिपदिक; comparative of guru)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; comparative degree; qualifies 'bhāryām'
apāpaḥsinless/guileless
apāpaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota-pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies 'saḥ'
pāpa-saṅkalpāmof sinful intentions
pāpa-saṅkalpām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṅkalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa = 'of sinful intent'
dadarśasaw
dadarśa:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (दृश् धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana
dharaṇī-taleon the ground
dharaṇī-tale:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootdharaṇī (प्रातिपदिक) + tala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṃsakaliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; samāsa: tatpuruṣa = 'on the surface of the earth'
latāma creeper
latām:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootlatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
viniṣkṛttāmcut off/severed
viniṣkṛttām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-niṣ-√kṛt (कृत् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifies the seen woman via simile
patitāmfallen
patitām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpatita (प्रातिपदिक; from √pat)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
devatāma goddess
devatām:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
kinnarīma kinnari (celestial female)
kinnarīm:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootkinnarī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
nirdhūtāmthrown down/shaken off
nirdhūtām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-√dhū (धू धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
cyutāmfallen/slipped down
cyutām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootcyuta (प्रातिपदिक; from √cyu)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
apsarasaman apsaras
apsarasam:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootapsaras (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
yathāas
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā/vidhi-avyaya (as/just as)
māyāman illusion
māyām:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Rootmāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
paribhraṣṭāmfallen down/ruined
paribhraṣṭām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpari-√bhraṃś (भ्रंश् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
hariṇīma doe (female deer)
hariṇīm:
Upamāna (उपमान/Standard of simile)
TypeNoun
Roothariṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (upamāna)
ivalike
iva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Comparator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; upamā-nipāta
saṃyatāmrestrained/tied down
saṃyatām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃ-√yam (यम् धातु)
FormKṛdanta: PPP (क्त); Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

The guileless, old king beheld his youthful wife who was dearer to him than his own life, filled with deceitful intentions. She looked like a severed creeper, like a goddess fallen down, like a 'Kinnari' thrown down on earth, like an 'apsarasa' slipped from heaven, like an illusion torn, like a female deer tied down.

D
Daśaratha
K
Kaikeyī
K
Kinnari (simile)
A
Apsaras (simile)

FAQs

It exposes the moral tension between outward beauty/distress and inner intention: dharma requires discernment (viveka) so that compassion is not exploited by deceit.

Daśaratha sees Kaikeyī on the ground and is overwhelmed; the narrator describes her appearance through a chain of evocative similes.

Daśaratha’s guilelessness and love; the verse implicitly warns that lack of discernment can be a weakness when confronted with adharma.