Arthashastra — Adhyakshaprachara, Sutra 31

Devanagari script

चतुरश्रं कर्माश्वस्य साम्नाह्यम् ॥ कZ_०२.३०.३१ ॥

Transliteration

caturaśraṃ karmāśvasya sāmnāhyam

Translation

Для рабочего коня «упряжная служба» (sāmnāhya) — это четырёхстороннее/прямоугольное распределение работ (то есть работа в четырёхугольном построении/упряжи).

Word by Word

• चतुरश्रम्: quadrangular; four-sided (in shape)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: चतुरश्र
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (कर्मविशेषणम्)

• कर्म: operation; procedure; work (a prescribed operation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (विधेय/उद्देश्यपदम्)

• अश्वस्य: of a horse
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी (सम्बन्धः)

• साम्नाह्यम्: to be equipped/arrayed; fit for preparation (requiring outfitting)
• Type: Adjective (predicative)
• Root: साम्नाह्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (कर्म इति पदस्य विशेषणम्)

Entities Mentioned

• work-horse

More Details

FAQs

Why define a term like sāmnāhya with a specific configuration?

To ensure uniform practice across units—standard rigs/formations simplify training, inspection, and coordination in transport and support operations.