HomeVaraha PuranaAdhyaya 97Shloka 45
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Varaha Purana 97.45 — Adhyaya 97, Shloka 45

The Glory of Rudra: The Origin of the Kapālamocana Pilgrimage Site and Rudra’s Expiatory Vow

ब्रह्मोवाच ॥ इदमेव व्रतं देव चर कापालिकं विभो ॥ समयाचारसंयुक्तं कृत्वा स्वेनैव तेजसा

brahmovāca || idam eva vrataṃ deva cara kāpālikaṃ vibho || samayācārasaṃyuktaṃ kṛtvā svenaiva tejasā

Brahmā disse: «Este, de fato, é o voto; ó deus, pratica o voto Kāpālika, ó poderoso—dotado da disciplina das devidas convenções e conduta—tendo-o assumido pelo teu próprio fulgor (poder interior).»

ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्/ब्रह्मा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (here: द्वितीया as object)
एवindeed/only
एव:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)
व्रतम्vow/observance
व्रतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
देवO god
देव:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (vocative), एकवचन
चरpractice/perform
चर:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
कापालिकम्Kāpālika (skull-bearing)
कापालिकम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकापालिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (व्रतम्)
विभोO mighty one
विभो:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootविभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन
समयाचारसंयुक्तम्joined with proper conduct/discipline
समयाचारसंयुक्तम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमय (प्रातिपदिक) + आचार (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (समयस्य आचारः → समयाचार; तेन संयुक्तम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (व्रतम्)
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया — ‘having done’
स्वेनby one’s own
स्वेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंस, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; ‘by one’s own’
एवindeed
एव:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारण-निपात
तेजसाwith splendor/power
तेजसा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

Brahmā

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"None"}

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":true,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"observer","key_question":"None"}

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":true,"topic":"prayaschitta","instruction_summary":"Brahmā enjoins the Kāpālika-type ascetic observance to be practiced with proper samaya-ācāra (conventional discipline and right conduct) and sustained by one’s own tapas/tejas.","karmic_consequence":"Properly observed, the vow becomes a means toward purification and removal of demerit; if done without ācāra it degenerates into adharmic conduct and fails to purify."}

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":true,"vrata_name":"Kāpālika-vrata (as framed as a regulated ascetic observance)","tithi_month":"Not specified (presented as a discipline undertaken for a period, later contextualized by multi-year narrative).","promised_fruit":"Acquisition of inner radiance/tejas through disciplined observance and eligibility for subsequent tīrtha-based purification."}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"Ethics of practice (ācāra)","core_concept":"Tapas must be yoked to samaya-ācāra; spiritual power (tejas) is legitimate when disciplined by right conduct.","practical_application":"Undertake vows only with regulated conduct, teacher-guidance, and restraint; treat ‘power’ as responsibility, not license."}

Subject Matter: ["Ethics","Ascetic Practice","Ritual Discipline"]

Primary Rasa: śānta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: None

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa 97.97.2-4 (multi-year vow leading to tīrtha and purification)

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Brahmā, as cosmic instructor, formally enjoins an austere vow, emphasizing disciplined conduct and inner radiance rather than spectacle.","item_prompts":["four-faced Brahmā seated on lotus","gesture of instruction (upadeśa-mudrā)","ascetic’s skull-bowl motif hinted (kāpāla) without gore","aura/tejas as subtle radiance","scriptural palm-leaf or Veda symbol"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: Brahmā on lotus, warm ochres and greens, clear upadeśa gesture, subtle halo indicating tejas, minimal skull-bowl motif as symbolic accessory.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style: Brahmā with ornate crown and heavy jewelry, gold-leaf halo, lotus throne, small symbolic kapāla placed near the ascetic, inscription-like framing.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style: refined linework, soft shading, Brahmā teaching posture, luminous tejas aura, restrained iconographic kapāla element.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari style: intimate teaching scene, Brahmā and a listening ascetic in a calm setting, delicate landscape border, emphasis on serenity and discipline."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"Didactic and composed","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"medium-slow","voice_tone":"clear, authoritative, restrained"}

P
Purāṇic Instruction
Ś
Śaiva Asceticism (Kāpālika reference)
V
Vrata Literature

FAQs

It is a rare Purāṇic mention framing a Kāpālika-type observance within a prescriptive discourse, relevant to the study of Śaiva ascetic currents and their textual reception.

No location is named in this verse; it is an instruction regarding a vow (vrata).

Practice is to be aligned with samaya and ācāra—shared conventions and disciplined conduct—highlighting regulated observance rather than transgressive display.

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