Adhyaya 24: The Glory of Prithudaka Tirtha and the Akshaya Tithi at Kurukshetra
पृथूदक-तीर्थमाहात्म्य एवं अक्षया-तिथिवर्णन (Pṛthūdaka-Tīrtha-Māhātmya evaṃ Akṣayā-Tithi-Varṇana)
Akshaya Tithi at Kurukshetra
Within the Pulastya–Nārada narrative frame, this Adhyāya presents a Kurukṣetra-centered tīrtha-māhātmya in which Devadeva (Hari addressed as Murāri) directs the gods to the mahātīrtha Pṛthūdaka, praised as intrinsically purifying and fear-dispelling. The sanctity is calendrically anchored: when the luminaries and Bṛhaspati align in Mṛgaśiras, the day is celebrated as Akṣayā, a time especially efficacious for pitṛ-tarpaṇa and śrāddha on the banks of the east-flowing (prācī) Sarasvatī. The devas, led by Indra, enact the pilgrimage, bathe, and request Bṛhaspati to ‘authorize’ the auspicious configuration, foregrounding Purāṇic ritual time as a theological instrument. The chapter then pivots to a genealogical-etiological strand: Indra’s pious offering to the Pitṛs yields Menā, given to Himavān, and the union produces three exceptionally beautiful daughters—linking śrāddha-merit, sacred geography, and dynastic cosmology in a syncretic Purāṇic register.
Divine Beings
Sacred Geography
Mortal & Asura Figures
Key Content Points
- Devadeva/Murāri instructs the gods to proceed to Kurukṣetra’s Pṛthūdaka, a mahātīrtha described as puṇya and pāpa-bhaya-apaha (sin- and fear-removing).
- Ritual time is specified through astral markers: the Mṛgaśiras nakṣatra with Sun, Moon, and Bṛhaspati yields the celebrated Akṣayā tithi, ideal for śrāddha and pitṛ-ārādhana at the prācī Sarasvatī.
- After the devas bathe, they petition Bṛhaspati to effect/confirm the auspicious configuration; the narrative then connects pitṛ-bhakti to lineage by recounting Indra’s piṇḍa-offering and the consequent bestowal of Menā to Himavān, leading to three divine-like daughters.
Shlokas in Adhyaya 24
Verse 1
देवदेव उवाच एवं पृथूदको देवाः पुण्यः पापभयापहः तं गच्छध्वं महातीर्थं यावत् संनिधिवोधितम्
O Senhor dos deuses disse: “Assim, ó deuses, este Pṛthūdaka é meritório e remove o temor que nasce do pecado. Ide a esse grande tīrtha, conforme foi declarado acerca de sua sannidhi, a presença divina que santifica pela proximidade.”
Verse 2
यदा मृगशिरोऋक्षे शशिसूर्यौ बृहस्पतिः तिष्ठन्ति सा तिथिः पुण्या त्वक्षया परिगीयते
“Quando a Lua e o Sol, juntamente com Júpiter (Bṛhaspati), estão situados na mansão lunar Mṛgaśiras, esse tithi é sagrado; é celebrado como ‘Akṣayā’, que concede mérito imperecível.”
Verse 3
तं गच्छध्वं सुरश्रेष्ठा यत्र प्राची सरस्वती पितॄन् आराधयध्वं हि तत्र श्राद्धेन भक्तिततः
“Ide para lá, ó melhores entre os deuses, onde está a Sarasvatī que corre para o oriente. Ali, de fato, venerai os Pitṛs (Antepassados) realizando o śrāddha com devoção.”
Verse 4
ततो मुरारिवचनं श्रुत्वा देवाः सवासवाः समाजग्मुः कुरुक्षेत्रे पुण्यतीर्थं पृथूदकम्
“Então, tendo ouvido as palavras de Murāri (Viṣṇu), os deuses—juntamente com Vāsava (Indra)—reuniram-se em Kurukṣetra, no tīrtha sagrado chamado Pṛthūdaka.”
Verse 5
तत्र स्नात्वा सुराः सर्वे बृहस्पतिमचोदयन् विशस्व भगवन् ऋक्षमिमं मृशिरं कुरु पुण्यां तिथिं पापहरां तव कालो ऽयमागतः
“Tendo-se banhado ali, todos os deuses instaram Bṛhaspati: ‘Ó Bhagavān, declara-o com clareza; determina para nós este nakṣatra e faze conhecer um tithi auspicioso que remove o pecado. O teu tempo chegou agora.’”
Verse 6
प्रवर्तते रविस्तत्र चन्द्रमापि विशत्यसौ त्वदायत्तं गुरो कार्यं सुराणां तत् कुरुष्व च
“Ali o Sol prossegue no seu curso, e a Lua também entra no seu percurso. Ó Guru, a tarefa dos deuses depende de ti; portanto, cumpre também esse dever requerido.”
Verse 7
इत्येवमुक्तो देवैस्तु देवाचार्यो ऽब्रवीदिदम् यदि वर्षाधिपो ऽहं स्यां ततो यास्यामि देवताः
“Assim interpelado pelos deuses, o preceptor dos deuses disse: ‘Se eu vier a ser o senhor do ano, então irei, ó divindades.’”
Verse 8
आषाढे मासि मार्गर्क्षे चन्द्रक्षयतिथिर्हि या तस्यां पुरन्दरः प्रीतः पिण्डं पितृषु भक्तितः
No mês de Āṣāḍha, sob o asterismo lunar chamado Mārga, no tithi conhecido como “candrakṣaya” (decréscimo da lua), nessa ocasião Purandara (Indra) se compraz quando se oferece, com devoção, uma piṇḍa aos Pitṛs.
Verse 9
प्रादात् तिलमधून्मिश्रं हविष्यान्नं कुरुष्वथ ततः प्रीतास्तु पितरस्तां प्राहुस्तनयां निजाम
Ele ofereceu alimento haviṣya misturado com gergelim e mel. Então os Pitṛs, satisfeitos, declararam que ela era sua própria filha.
Verse 10
मेनां देवाश्च शैलाय हिमयुक्ताय वै ददुः तां मेनां हिमवांल्लब्ध्वा प्रसादाद् दैवतेष्वथ प्रीतिमानभवच्चासौ रराम च यथेच्छया
Os deuses deram Menā ao monte Himavat, o coberto de neve. Tendo obtido Menā pelo favor das divindades, Himavat encheu-se de alegria e recreou-se com ela conforme desejou.
Verse 11
ततो हिमाद्रिः पितृकन्यया समं समर्पयन् वै विषयान् यथैष्टम् अजीजनत् सा तनयाश्च तिस्रो रूपातियुक्ताः सुरयोषितोपमाः
Então Himādri (Himavat), juntamente com a donzela nascida dos Pitṛs (Menā), fruiu os objetos dos sentidos conforme desejou; e ela gerou três filhas de beleza extraordinária, comparáveis a donzelas celestes.
Frequently Asked Questions
The chapter uses the honorific Devadeva while also identifying the speaker as Murāri (a Viṣṇu epithet), a Purāṇic strategy that normalizes shared divine sovereignty and ritual authority across sectarian vocabularies, even as the narrative remains focused on tīrtha and śrāddha praxis.
Pṛthūdaka in Kurukṣetra is presented as a mahātīrtha whose bath removes pāpa and fear; its efficacy is heightened when performed at the prācī Sarasvatī, where pitṛ-ārādhana through śrāddha is explicitly prescribed, making the site a ritual node in the Sarasvatī-basin pilgrimage map.
No. The passage functions primarily as a Kurukṣetra tīrtha-māhātmya and a pitṛ-ritual calendar note (Akṣayā tithi), followed by a genealogical-etiological account (Indra’s offering leading to Menā and Himavān’s progeny), rather than the Bali–Vāmana conflict sequence.