Rig Veda 6.49.10 — Mandala 6, Sukta 49, Mantra 10

Sukta 6.49

Rishi: Bharadvāja Bārhaspatya (assumed)

Devata: Rudra

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

भुवनस्य पितरं गीर्भिराभी रुद्रं दिवा वर्धया रुद्रमक्तौ । बृहन्तमृष्वमजरं सुषुम्नमृधग्घुवेम कविनेषितासः ॥

Transliteration

bhúvanasya pitáraṃ gī́rbhir ābhī́ rudráṃ divā́ vardháyā rudrám aktáu | bṛhántam ṛṣvám ajáraṃ susúmnam ṛ́dhag huvema kavínā iṣitā́saḥ ||

Translation

Com estas palavras fortalecemos Rudra, o Pai dos mundos — Rudra de dia, Rudra de noite. A ele invocamos, o Vasto e o Elevado, o que não envelhece, o doador de graça benfazeja; nós, impelidos pela mente do ṛṣi, o chamamos, cada qual à sua maneira.

Word by Word

• भुवनस्य: of the world / of existence
• भुवनस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन- (भू ‘to be’ > भुवन ‘world, being’)

• पितरम्: father
• पितरम्: कर्म (object of ‘we invoke/praise’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ-

• गीर्भिः: with hymns
• गीर्भिः: करण (instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गीर्- (स्त्री) ‘hymn, song, praise’

• आभी: towards; unto (in invocation)
• आभी: उपपद/प्रयोग-निर्देशक (direction/intensifier with verb of calling)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ + भी (अव्यय/उपसर्गीय प्रयोग)

• रुद्रम्: Rudra
• रुद्रम्: कर्म (object of ‘we invoke/praise’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र-

• दिवा: by day
• दिवा: अधिकारण (time: ‘by day’)
• Type: Noun (used adverbially)
• Root: दिव्/द्यौ- (स्त्री) ‘day/sky’

• वर्धय: increase / strengthen (you)
• वर्धय: क्रिया (addressed action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् ‘to grow, increase’ (causative)

• रुद्रम्: Rudra
• रुद्रम्: कर्म (object of ‘strengthen’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र-

• अक्तौ: at night
• अक्तौ: अधिकारण (time: ‘at night’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्ति- (स्त्री) ‘night’ (RV usage) / ‘anointing’ (later) — here ‘night’

• बृहन्तम्: the great
• बृहन्तम्: कर्म (qualifier of Rudra as object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त्- (adj. from √बृह्/बृंह् ‘to grow, be great’)

• ऋष्वम्: lofty, exalted
• ऋष्वम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्व- (adj.)

• अजरम्: unaging
• अजरम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अजर- (a- + जर ‘aging’)

• सुषुम्नम्: most gracious / very benevolent
• सुषुम्नम्: कर्म (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुषुम्न- (सु- + सुषुम्न) ‘very gracious/benign; bringing good ease’

• ऋधक्: severally; each one (in turn)
• ऋधक्: क्रियाविशेषण (manner: ‘severally/each in turn’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऋधक् (अव्यय)

• हुवेम: may we invoke
• हुवेम: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: हू ‘to call, invoke’

• कविनेṣितासः: we, guided/impelled by the sage (kavi) / having a poet as leader
• कविनेṣितासः: कर्तृ (subject of ‘huvema’)
• Type: Noun (compound, bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa sense) used adjectivally
• Root: कवि- ‘sage/poet’ + नेषितृ- (from √नी ‘to lead/guide’, ‘impeller/leader’)