HomeMarkandeya PuranaAdhy. 8Shloka 196
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Shloka 196

Adhyaya 8Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

तथास्य नासिका तुङ्गा अग्रतोऽधोमुखं गता ।

दन्ताश्च मुकुलप्रख्याः ख्यातकीर्तेर्महात्मनः ॥

tathāsya nāsikā tuṅgā agrato 'dhomukhaṃ gatā |

dantāś ca mukula-prakhyāḥ khyāta-kīrter mahātmanaḥ ||

E o seu nariz—alto—descia em suave inclinação na parte dianteira; e os seus dentes eram como botões—tais eram os traços daquele magnânimo homem de fama celebrada.

tathāthus/so
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
asyaof him
asya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
nāsikānose
nāsikā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāsikā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tuṅgāhigh/prominent
tuṅgā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottuṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with nāsikā
agrataḥin front/forward
agrataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootagratas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)
adho-mukhamdownward-faced
adho-mukham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhas (अव्यय) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); अव्ययीभाव: ‘down-faced/downward’
gatāhad gone/was turned
gatā:
Kriyā (क्रिया; participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with nāsikā; sense ‘has gone/was turned’
dantāḥteeth
dantāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdanta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
mukula-prakhyāḥbud-like
mukula-prakhyāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmukula (प्रातिपदिक) + prakhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); उपमान-तत्पुरुष: ‘resembling buds’
khyāta-kīrteḥof the famed (one)
khyāta-kīrteḥ:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkhyāta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + kīrti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); कर्मधारय: ‘of famed renown’ (kīrtiḥ khyātā yasya) used as epithet
mahātmanaḥof the great-souled (man)
mahātmanaḥ:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
Narrative description (queen’s observation implied by context)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Identification through lakṣaṇa (marks)Memory and recognitionGreatness despite degradation

FAQs

Even in extreme reversal, the narrative insists on continuity: the same person endures beneath altered circumstances, inviting reflection on the difference between essence and social appearance.

Not directly pañcalakṣaṇa; it supports vaṃśānucarita-style moral biography by grounding the king’s identity in concrete narrative detail.

Lakṣaṇas (marks) can be read as ‘saṃskāra-signatures’: the past (kīrti, merit, identity) leaves impressions that are not erased by present suffering.