Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 92, Shloka 11

भरद्वाजाश्रमात् चित्रकूटमार्गनिर्देशः

Directions from Bharadvaja’s Hermitage to Chitrakuta

Devanagari script

उत्तरं पार्श्वमासाद्य तस्य मन्दाकिनी नदी। पुष्पितद्रुमसञ्छन्ना रम्यपुष्पितकानना।।2.92.11।।

Transliteration

uttaraṃ pārśvam āsādya tasya mandākinī nadī |

puṣpita-druma-sañchannā ramya-puṣpita-kānanā ||

Translation

ਉਸ ਦੇ ਉੱਤਰੀ ਪਾਸੇ ਪਹੁੰਚਣ ਤੇ ਮੰਦਾਕਿਨੀ ਨਦੀ ਵਹਿੰਦੀ ਹੈ; ਉਸ ਦੇ ਕੰਢੇ ਫੁੱਲੇ ਹੋਏ ਦਰੱਖ਼ਤਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਢੱਕੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਰਮਣੀਯ, ਪੁਸ਼ਪਿਤ ਕਾਨਨਾਂ ਨਾਲ ਸ਼ੋਭਿਤ ਹਨ।

Word by Word

• उत्तरम्: northern
• उत्तरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; adjective used with पार्श्वम्

• पार्श्वम्: side
• पार्श्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• आसाद्य: having reached
• आसाद्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + सद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having reached/approached’

• तस्य: of that (place/it)
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; masculine/neuter genitive

• मन्दाकिनी: Mandakini
• मन्दाकिनी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्दाकिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नदी: river
• नदी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to मन्दाकिनी

• पुष्पित-द्रुम-सञ्छन्ना: covered with flowering trees
• पुष्पित-द्रुम-सञ्छन्ना: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुष्पित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक) + सञ्छन्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of नदी; समासः—पुष्पिताः द्रुमाः येन/यया सा (द्रुमैः सञ्छन्ना)

• रम्य-पुष्पित-कानना: having lovely blossoming groves
• रम्य-पुष्पित-कानना: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रम्य (प्रातिपदिक) + पुष्पित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + कानन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of नदी; ‘रम्यं च पुष्पितं च काननं यस्याः सा’ (descriptive compound)

Context

On its northern side flows the river Mandakini which is densely covered with flowering trees and lovely blossoming woods (on its banks).

Characters & Entities

• Mandākinī
• Citrakūṭa (implied)
• Bharata
• Bharadvāja

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes honoring sacred landscapes: the description frames nature as supportive of righteous living and ascetic virtue.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharadvāja describes the natural landmark (Mandākinī) near Citrakūṭa to guide Bharata.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Attentive guidance—careful instruction that helps another fulfill duty without confusion.