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Shloka 19

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

अत्येति रजनी या तु सा न प्रतिनिवर्तते।यात्येव यमुना पूर्णा समुद्रमुदकाकुलम्।।2.105.19।।

atyeti rajanī yā tu sā na pratinivartate | yāty eva yamunā pūrṇā samudram udakākulam ||2.105.19||

ਜੋ ਰਾਤ ਲੰਘ ਗਈ ਉਹ ਮੁੜ ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦੀ; ਤਿਵੇਂ ਹੀ ਪੂਰੀ ਭਰੀ ਯਮੁਨਾ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ ਦੇ ਜਲਾਂ ਵੱਲ ਵਹਿੰਦੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਵਾਪਸ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੁੜਦੀ।

atyetipasses beyond/passes away
atyeti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootati-√i (इ) (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
rajanīnight
rajanī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrajanī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
which
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (contrast/emphasis)
that (night)
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध
pratinivartatereturns
pratinivartate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-ni-√vṛt (वृत्) (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
yātigoes/flows
yāti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yā (या) (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण
yamunā(river) Yamuna
yamunā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyamunā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
pūrṇāfull
pūrṇā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण
samudramto the ocean
samudram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsamudra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
udaka-ākulamturbulent/filled with water
udaka-ākulam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootudaka + ākula (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (उदकेन आकुलम् = water-turbulent/water-filled)

When the night dawned, those brothers surrounded by their friends made (morning) ablutions and, after the prayers, returned to Rama.

Y
Yamunā
S
Samudra (Ocean)

FAQs

It teaches urgency in dharma: time is irreversible, so one should act truthfully and rightly now rather than postponing duty.

The speaker uses images of night and river-flow to emphasize that what is gone cannot be retrieved.

Apramāda (vigilance): careful, timely action aligned with dharma.