Sutra 42
Devanagari script
राज्ञा पुत्रे च शत्रौ च यथादोषं समं धृतः ॥ कZ_०३.१.४२च्द् ॥
Transliteration
rājñā putre ca śatrau ca yathādoṣaṃ samaṃ dhṛtaḥ
Translation
ਰਾਜੇ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੁੱਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਦੁਸ਼ਮਣ—ਦੋਹਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ—ਅਪਰਾਧ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਇਕੋ ਜਿਹਾ ਦੰਡ ਲਾਗੂ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
Word by Word
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन (करण/कर्ता-निर्देश)
पुत्रेin the case of the son / with regard to the son
पुत्रे:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (विषय/अधिकरण)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
शत्रौin the case of the enemy / with regard to the enemy
शत्रौ:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (विषय/अधिकरण)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
यथा-दोषम्according to the offence; proportionately to the fault
यथा-दोषम्:
TypeAdverbial (indeclinable usage)
Rootयथा + दोष
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अर्थे ‘दोषानुसारम्’; दोषम् = नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग? (प्रायः पुं.) द्वितीया एकवचन, समासे अव्ययवत्
समम्equally; impartially
समम्:
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootसम
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (समत्वेन)
धृतःis held/maintained/applied
धृतः:
TypeVerb (past passive participle)
Rootधृ
Formकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे—‘held/maintained/applied’
Entities Mentioned
R
rājan (king)P
putra (son)Ś
śatru (enemy)FAQs
Yathādoṣam—punishment proportional to the offense, not proportional to status or relationship.
To define impartiality at both extremes: kin-favoritism and hostile bias must not distort adjudication.