Sutra 18
Devanagari script
समरागलेखमनिम्नोन्नते देशे निकषितम् परिमृदितं परिलीढं नखान्तराद्वा गैरिकेणावचूर्णितमुपधिं विद्यात् ॥ कZ_०२.१३.१८ ॥
Transliteration
samarāgalekham animnonnate deśe nikaṣitam parimṛditaṃ parilīḍhaṃ nakhāntarād vā gairikeṇāvacūrṇitam upadhiṃ vidyāt
Translation
ਜੇ ਲਕੀਰ ਇਕਸਾਰ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਲੱਗੇ, ਪਰ—ਨਾ ਉਭਰੀ ਨਾ ਧਸੀ ਥਾਂ ‘ਤੇ ਜਾਂਚ ਕਰਨ ‘ਤੇ—ਉਹ ਮਲ੍ਹਮਲ੍ਹੀ/ਫੈਲ ਜਾਵੇ, ਘਸਣ ਨਾਲ ਮਿਟ ਜਾਵੇ/ਖਿੱਚ ਕੇ ਉਤਰ ਜਾਵੇ, ਜਾਂ ਨਖ ਦੀ ਨਾਲੀ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਖੁਰਚ ਕੇ ਕੱਢੀ ਜਾ ਸਕੇ, ਜਾਂ ਗੇਰੂ ਵਰਗੀ ਪਾਊਡਰਿੰਗ ਦਿਸੇ, ਤਾਂ ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਮਿਲਾਵਟ (ਉਪਧਿ) ਸਮਝਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
Word by Word
समरागलेखम्a uniformly coloured written mark/line
समरागलेखम्:
TypeNoun
Rootलेख
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; सम-राग-लेख (समः रागः यस्य सः लेखः)
अनिम्नोन्नतेon a surface that is neither hollowed nor raised (i.e., even)
अनिम्नोन्नते:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिम्न/उन्नत
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी; अ-निम्न-उन्नत = न निम्नं न उन्नतं (neither depressed nor raised)
देशेin/at a place; on a surface/spot
देशे:
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी
निकषितम्rubbed/tested (by rubbing)
निकषितम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootकष् (कषति)
Formकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; नि-√कष् + क्त = rubbed/scraped/tested on a touchstone
परिमृदितम्thoroughly rubbed/smoothed
परिमृदितम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootमृद् (मृद्नाति/मर्दति)
Formकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; परि-√मृद् = thoroughly rubbed/smoothed
परिलीढम्licked over
परिलीढम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootलिह् (लेढि)
Formकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; परि-√लिह् = licked over/licked all around
नखान्तरात्from the space under the fingernail
नखान्तरात्:
TypeNoun
Rootनख + अन्तर
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, पञ्चमी; नखस्य अन्तरम् = space under/within the nail
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (or)
गैरिकेणwith red ochre
गैरिकेण:
TypeNoun
Rootगैरिक
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया
अवचूर्णितम्powdered over / dusted
अवचूर्णितम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootचूर्ण् (चूर्णयति)
Formकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; अव-√चूर्ण् = powdered over/sprinkled with powder
उपधिम्fraud/deception; (here) a forged/adulterated trick/defect
उपधिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउपधि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया
विद्यात्one should recognize/know
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (वेद/विन्दति)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; √विद् = should know/should recognize
Entities Mentioned
N
nikaṣaU
upadhiG
gairikaFAQs
To control the test environment: uneven surfaces can distort the streak and create false positives/negatives in adjudicating fraud.
It operationalizes enforcement: officers can justify seizure/penalty using observable criteria rather than discretionary opinion.