Rig Veda 3.5.7: Mandala 3, Sukta 5, Mantra 7

Sukta 3.5

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (attributed for RV 3.5 in the Viśvāmitra maṇḍala tradition)

Devata: Agni (with implicit dyāvā-pṛthivī as supporting powers)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 3.5; verse length and cadence align with triṣṭubh usage in this hymn-group)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ योनिमग्निर्घृतवन्तमस्थात्पृथुप्रगाणमुशन्तमुशानः । दीद्यानः शुचिॠष्वः पावकः पुनःपुनर्मातरा नव्यसी कः ॥

Transliteration

ā yóniṃ agnír ghṛtávantam asthāt pṛthúpragāṇam uśántam uśānáḥ | dī́dyānaḥ śúciḥ ṛ́ṣvaḥ pā́vakaḥ púnaḥ-punar mā́tarā návyasī kaḥ ||

Translation

ଅଗ୍ନି ଘୃତବତ୍—ଘୃତସମୃଦ୍ଧ ତେଜସ୍ୱୀ—ଯୋନିରେ ଦଣ୍ଡାୟମାନ ହେଲେ; ପୃଥୁପ୍ରଗାଣ—ବିସ୍ତୃତ ଅଗ୍ରଗାନ—ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ, ଇଚ୍ଛୁକ ଏବଂ ସ୍ୱୟଂ ଇଚ୍ଛାରୂପ ଜ୍ୱାଳା। ଦୀଦ୍ୟମାନ, ଶୁଚି, ଋଷ୍ୱ, ପାବକ—ଶୁଦ୍ଧିକର୍ତ୍ତା—ସେ ପୁନଃପୁନଃ ଦୁଇ ମାତାକୁ (ଦ୍ୟୌ-ପୃଥିବୀ) ସଦା ନବୀନ କରନ୍ତି; ତାହାକୁ କିଏ ମାପିପାରିବ?

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Word by Word

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga) अथवा अव्यय

• योनिम्: womb; source; abode
• योनिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृतवन्तम्: rich in ghee; ghee-filled
• घृतवन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृतवत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्थात्: stood; took his place
• अस्थात्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)

• पृथुप्रगाणम्: broad/ample ‘pragāṇa’ (wide-ranging course/track; broad path)
• पृथुप्रगाणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पृथु-प्रगाण (प्रातिपदिक; समास)

• उशन्तम्: desiring; eager
• उशन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: उशत् (कृदन्त; √वश्/उश् ‘इच्छ्/काम्’)

• उशानः: desiring; ardent
• उशानः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: उशान (कृदन्त; √वश्/उश्)

• दीद्यानः: shining; blazing
• दीद्यानः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: दीद्यत्/दीद्यान (कृदन्त; √दीद्/√द्युत् ‘दीप्तौ’)

• शुचिः: pure; bright
• शुचिः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋष्वः: lofty; great; exalted
• ऋष्वः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋष्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• पावकः: purifier; purifying fire
• पावकः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पावक (प्रातिपदिक; √पू ‘पवने/शोधने’)

• पुनःपुनः: again and again
• पुनःपुनः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय) + पुनः

• मातरौ: the two mothers (i.e., heaven & earth / two kindling-sticks, contextually)
• मातरौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• नव्यसी: ever-new; renewed
• नव्यसी: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव्यस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• कः: who? (interrogative/relative nuance)
• कः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: क (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)