Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 5, Shloka 15

अयोध्यानगरवर्णनम्

Description of Ayodhya and the Ikshvaku Royal Setting

Devanagari script

प्रासादै रत्नविकृतै: पर्वतैरुपशोभिताम् ।कूटागारैश्च सम्पूर्णामिन्द्रस्येवामरावतीम् ।।।।

Transliteration

prāsādai ratnavikṛtaiḥ parvatair upaśobhitām | kūṭāgāraiś ca sampūrṇām indrasyevāmarāvatīm ||

Translation

ରତ୍ନବିଭୂଷିତ ପର୍ବତସଦୃଶ ପ୍ରାସାଦମାନେ ତାହାକୁ ଶୋଭାୟିତ କରୁଥିଲେ; ଉଚ୍ଚ କୂଟାଗାରରେ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ହୋଇ, ସେ ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରଙ୍କ ଅମରାବତୀ ପରି ଦୀପ୍ତିମାନ ଥିଲା।

Word by Word

• प्रासादैः: by palaces
• प्रासादैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रासाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन

• रत्नविकृतैः: adorned/embellished with gems
• रत्नविकृतैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत्न-विकृत (प्रातिपदिक); रत्न + विकृत
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying प्रासादैः)

• पर्वतैः: by mountains
• पर्वतैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• उपशोभिताम्: adorned, beautified
• उपशोभिताम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म) — वर्ण्य-वस्तु (the city described)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-शोभ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; कर्मणि-भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), विशेषणम् (qualifying अमरावतीम्/ताम्)

• कूटागारैः: by mansions/lofty houses
• कूटागारैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कूट-अगार (प्रातिपदिक); कूट + अगार
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सम्पूर्णाम्: complete, fully endowed
• सम्पूर्णाम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म) — वर्ण्य-वस्तु
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying अमरावतीम्/ताम्)

• इन्द्रस्य: of Indra
• इन्द्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• इव: like
• इव: उपमान-निर्देश (Simile marker/उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

• अमरावतीम्: Amarāvatī (Indra’s city)
• अमरावतीम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म) — उपमेय (the city being compared)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमरावती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

Like Indra's Amaravati, it was adorned by mountains and mansions with precious stones.

Characters & Entities

• Amarāvatī
• Indra
• Ayodhyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse implies rājadhrama through civic splendor: a righteous kingdom manifests as orderly prosperity, public security, and well-built habitation—outer beauty reflecting inner governance.

What is the narrative situation?

Ayodhyā is being praised and visually introduced before the narrative focuses on Daśaratha and the Ikṣvāku line.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Daśaratha’s implied kingship-virtue: capable rule that sustains wealth, stability, and public flourishing.