Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 159

Rādhā-sambaddha-mantra-vyākhyā

Rādhā-Related Mantras Explained

Devanagari script

नित्यानित्यां तु दशमीं त्रिकुटां वच्मि सांप्रतम् । हंसश्च हृत्प्राणरसादाहकर्णैः समन्वितः ॥ १५९ ॥

Transliteration

nityānityāṃ tu daśamīṃ trikuṭāṃ vacmi sāṃpratam | haṃsaśca hṛtprāṇarasādāhakarṇaiḥ samanvitaḥ || 159 ||

Translation

ଏବେ ମୁଁ ଦଶମୀର ବର୍ଣ୍ଣନା କରୁଛି—ଏହା ନିତ୍ୟ ଓ ଅନିତ୍ୟ, ଦୁଇ ପ୍ରକାର ଏବଂ ‘ତ୍ରିକୁଟା’ ନାମରେ ପ୍ରସିଦ୍ଧ। ଏହା ‘ହଂସ’ ସହ ଯୁକ୍ତ; ହୃଦୟ, ପ୍ରାଣ, ରସ, ଦାହ (ତାପ) ଓ କର୍ଣ୍ଣ ସହ ସମନ୍ୱିତ।

Word by Word

• नित्यानित्याम्: (the form called) Nityā-and-Anityā
• नित्यानित्याम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नित्या + अनित्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Feminine, Accusative singular; समासः—द्वन्द्व (नित्या च अनित्या च)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha/Avyaya (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधसूचक (particle)

• दशमीम्: the tenth (Nityā)
• दशमीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशमी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Feminine, Accusative singular

• त्रिकुटाम्: Trikuṭā (three-peaked/three-knotted)
• त्रिकुटाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि + कुटा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Feminine, Accusative singular; समासः—द्विगु (त्रयः कुटाः यस्याः/त्रिकुटा)

• वच्मि: I speak/declare
• वच्मि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; Present, 1st person singular

• साम्प्रतम्: now/at present
• साम्प्रतम्: Sambandha/Avyaya (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: साम्प्रतम् (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)

• हंसः: Haṃsa (mystic swan/seed-syllable)
• हंसः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हंस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन; Masculine, Nominative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Avyaya (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• हृत्प्राणरसादाहकर्णैः: with (the elements) heart, breath, essence, burning, and ears
• हृत्प्राणरसादाहकर्णैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृत् + प्राण + रस + दाह + कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; Masculine, Instrumental plural; समासः—समाहार/द्वन्द्व-प्राय (हृत्-प्राण-रस-दाह-कर्ण इति अङ्गसमूहः)

• समन्वितः: endowed/combined
• समन्वितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + अन्वि (धातु) → समन्वित (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Past participle used adjectivally; विशेषणम् हंस-शब्दस्य

Speaker

Narada (teaching in the Vedanga/vrata-technical register, in dialogue context with Sanatkumara tradition)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Daśamī (Trikuṭā)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Haṃsa

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames Daśamī as a technically classified tithi-vrata (nitya vs. anitya) and links it with an inner symbolic map (Haṃsa with heart–breath–essence–heat–hearing), suggesting that ritual timing and inner discipline are meant to work together.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By treating a tithi-observance as more than calendar-ritual: the Haṃsa symbolism points toward attentive hearing (karnaiḥ) and regulated prāṇa—supporting steady devotional practice through disciplined senses and mind while observing vrata rules.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Tithi-nirṇaya and vrata-taxonomy: the verse explicitly distinguishes nitya (regular) and anitya (occasional) observances of Daśamī and names a specific classification (Trikuṭā), reflecting the technical, Vedanga-like approach to calendrical ritual practice.