Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 93

Dharmopadeśa-Śānti: Rules of Impurity, Expiations, and Ancestor Rites

Devanagari script

देवतानां पितॄणां च जलं दद्याज्जलाञ्जलीन् । असंस्कृतप्रमीतानां स्थले दद्याद्विचक्षणः ॥ ९३ ॥

Transliteration

devatānāṃ pitṝṇāṃ ca jalaṃ dadyājjalāñjalīn | asaṃskṛtapramītānāṃ sthale dadyādvicakṣaṇaḥ || 93 ||

Translation

ଦେବତାମାନଙ୍କୁ ଓ ପିତୃମାନଙ୍କୁ ଅଞ୍ଜଳିରୂପେ ଜଳ ଅର୍ପଣ କରିବା ଉଚିତ। ସଂସ୍କାର ବିନା ମୃତ ଲୋକଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ମଧ୍ୟ ବିବେକୀ ଯଥାସ୍ଥାନେ ଜଳ ଦେଉ।

Word by Word

• devatānām: of/for the deities
• devatānām: Sampradāna/Adhikāra (सम्प्रदान/अधिकार; beneficiary/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pitṝṇām: of/for the ancestors
• pitṝṇām: Sampradāna/Adhikāra (सम्प्रदान/अधिकार; beneficiary/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; connective)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• jalam: water
• jalam: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dadyāt: should give
• dadyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया; should give)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (दा धातु)
• Form: Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• jalāñjalīn: water-offerings (handfuls of water)
• jalāñjalīn: Karma (कर्म; object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala + añjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-तत्पुरुष sense: ‘añjali of water’

• asaṃskṛta-pramītānām: of those who died without rites
• asaṃskṛta-pramītānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; of those persons)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-saṃskṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; saṃskṛta from √kṛ) + pramīta (कृदन्त; from pra+√mā)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) or common, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); कर्मधारय: ‘asaṃskṛtāḥ pramītāḥ’ = those who died without saṃskāra (funeral rites)

• sthale: in a place/at the spot
• sthale: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sthala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• dadyāt: should give
• dadyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया; should give)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (दा धातु)
• Form: Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• vicakṣaṇaḥ: the discerning person
• vicakṣaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vicakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada, within the Narada–Sanatkumara dialogue framework)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities

• Pitrs
• Devas

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes tarpaṇa—water offerings—as a sustaining act of Dharma for both devas and pitṛs, extending compassion even to those who died without formal rites by still performing a proper offering in an appropriate place.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While primarily a ritual injunction, it supports Bhakti by framing remembrance and offering as reverent service—honoring divine order (devas) and one’s lineage (pitṛs) through disciplined, sincere acts.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is implied: the verse specifies the act (water-libation), the recipients (devas and pitṛs), and the importance of offering at the proper place (sthala), reflecting correct ritual application.