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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

वाराणसीति काशीति रुद्रावास इति प्रभो । अवाप नामधेयानि कथमेतानि सा पुरी । आनंदकाननं रम्यमविमुक्तमनंतरम्

Transliteration

vārāṇasīti kāśīti rudrāvāsa iti prabho | avāpa nāmadheyāni kathametāni sā purī | ānaṃdakānanaṃ ramyamavimuktamanaṃtaram

Translation

အရှင်ဘုရား၊ ထိုမြို့သည် “ဝါရာဏသီ”, “ကာသီ” နှင့် “ရုဒြာဝါသ” ဟူသော အမည်များကို မည်သို့ ရရှိခဲ့သနည်း။ ထို့ပြင် ၎င်းကို သာယာလှပသော “အာနန္ဒကာနန” ဟုလည်းကောင်း၊ ထို့ထက်ပို၍ “အဝိမုက္တ” ဟုလည်းကောင်း မည်သို့ ခေါ်ဆိုကြသနည်း။

Word by Word
वाराणसीVārāṇasī
वाराणसी:
Karma (Name as object of ‘अवाप’)
TypeNoun
Rootवाराणसी (प्रातिपदिक; स्थाननाम)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन (नाम)
इतिthus/‘called’
इति:
Nipāta (Quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/नामनिर्देशार्थक-अव्यय (quotative)
काशीKāśī
काशी:
Karma (Name as object of ‘अवाप’)
TypeNoun
Rootकाशी (प्रातिपदिक; स्थाननाम)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन (नाम)
इतिthus
इति:
Nipāta (Quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/नामनिर्देशार्थक-अव्यय
रुद्रावासःRudra’s abode
रुद्रावासः:
Karma (Name as object of ‘अवाप’)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र + आवास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (रुद्रस्य आवासः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन (नाम)
इतिthus
इति:
Nipāta (Quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/नामनिर्देशार्थक-अव्यय
प्रभोO lord
प्रभो:
Sambodhana (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति, एकवचन
अवापobtained/received
अवाप:
Kriyā (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√आप् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
नामधेयानिnames, appellations
नामधेयानि:
Karma (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootनामधेय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन
कथम्how
कथम्:
Prakāra (Manner—interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (manner)
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of ‘नामधेयानि’)
साthat
सा:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; संकेतक (of ‘पुरी’)
पुरीcity
पुरी:
Karta (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन
आनन्दकाननम्the ‘Forest of Bliss’
आनन्दकाननम्:
Viśeṣya-nāma (Appositional name)
TypeNoun
Rootआनन्द + कानन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (आनन्दस्य काननम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नाम (appositive to ‘पुरी’)
रम्यम्delightful
रम्यम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootरम्य (प्रातिपदिक; √रम् से निष्पन्न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of ‘आनन्दकाननम्/पुरी’)
अविमुक्तम्Avimukta
अविमुक्तम्:
Viśeṣya-nāma (Appositional name)
TypeAdjective
Rootअविमुक्त (प्रातिपदिक; वि+मुच् से)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नाम/विशेषण
अनन्तरम्unsurpassed; immediate/without interval (as epithet)
अनन्तरम्:
Viśeṣaṇa / Apposition
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण/नाम (appositive)
Speaker

Agastya (deduced; questioner addressing Skanda/Śiva-context as ‘Prabho’)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Vārāṇasī/Avimukta/Ānandakānana)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A litany of Kāśī’s sacred names unfolds like a verbal mandala: the city between two rivers, glowing with inner light, Śiva’s abode, a blissful forest-garden, and the never-abandoned kṣetra—shown as layered vignettes around a central cityscape.

Characters & Entities
V
Vārāṇasī
K
Kāśī
R
Rudrāvāsa
Ā
Ānandakānana
A
Avimukta
R
Rudra (Śiva)

FAQs

Kāśī’s holiness is expressed through its many epithets—each name encodes a theological claim about Śiva’s presence and the city’s bliss-giving, liberating power.

The city of Kāśī/Varanasi itself—Avimukta-kṣetra—described through its sacred names.

None; the verse requests the etymic/legendary origins of Kāśī’s names.

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