Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 41

Devanagari script

विततेऽत्र जगत्यखिलेऽघहरं हर तोषणमेव परं गुणवन् । गुणहीनमहीन महावलयं प्रलयांतकमीश नतोस्मि ततः

Transliteration

vitate'tra jagatyakhile'ghaharaṃ hara toṣaṇameva paraṃ guṇavan | guṇahīnamahīna mahāvalayaṃ pralayāṃtakamīśa natosmi tataḥ

Translation

ဤကျယ်ပြန့်သော လောက၌၊ ဟရ၊ ဂုဏ်ရှိသူတို့အတွက် အမြင့်ဆုံး အကျိုးက သင့်ကို ပျော်ရွှင်စေခြင်းပင်—သင်သည် အပြစ်အားလုံးကို ဖယ်ရှားသူ။ အို အီရှ၊ ဂုဏ်မရှိခြင်းကြောင့်ပင် သင် မလျော့နည်း; သင်သည် အရာအားလုံးကို ဝန်းရံသော မဟာဝလယ၊ ပရလယ၏ အဆုံးသတ်။ ထို့ကြောင့် ငါသည် သင့်အား ဦးချတော်မူ၏။

Word by Word

• वितते: when (it is) spread/extended
• वितते: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि+तत (तन् धातु, क्त/कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/सप्तमी), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘when spread/extended’ (locative absolute sense with जगति)

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• जगति: in the world
• जगति: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• अखिले: entire
• अखिले: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अखिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to जगति)

• अघ-हरम्: the remover of sin
• अघ-हरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अघ (प्रातिपदिक) + हर (हृ धातु, ण्वुल्/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/द्वितीया), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः—‘अघं हरति’

• हर: O Hara
• हर: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• तोषणम्: pleasing (act)
• तोषणम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तोषण (तुष् धातु, ण्वुल्/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• परम्: supreme
• परम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to तोषणम्)

• गुणवन्: O virtuous one
• गुणवन्: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुणवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to हर)

• गुण-हीनम्: devoid of qualities
• गुण-हीनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to महावलयम्)

• अहीन: not deficient
• अहीन: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अहीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (to महावलयम्)

• महावलयम्: the great encircling (cataclysm)
• महावलयम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + वलय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषार्थः—‘महद् वलयम्’ (great encircling dissolution)

• प्रलय-अन्तकम्: O destroyer of dissolution (end of the end)
• प्रलय-अन्तकम्: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रलय (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्तक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘प्रलयस्य अन्तकः’

• ईश: O Lord
• ईश: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• नतः: bowed
• नतः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नत (नम् धातु, क्त/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• अस्मि: I am
• अस्मि: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ततः: therefore
• ततः: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb)

Speaker

Aṅgiras

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Avimukta)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Audience within Kāśī-māhātmya frame

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Śiva as a vast circular enclosure (mahā-valaya) containing galaxies, serene and beyond attributes; beneath, the devotee bows. In the distance, pralaya imagery—oceans rising—yet Śiva remains calm, signifying the end of dissolution.

Characters & Entities

• Śiva (Hara/Īśa)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The highest dharma is to please Śiva; He removes sin and transcends limiting qualities, guiding beings beyond dissolution.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī is the implied sacred landscape where pleasing Viśveśvara is taught as the supreme path.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No specific rite; the teaching is devotional—toṣaṇa (propitiating/pleasing) Śiva through worship and praise.