Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 35

Devanagari script

संवत्सरार्तवो मासाः पक्षाहोरात्रयः क्रमात् । कलाकाष्ठामुहूर्तादि निमे षादि लवास्तथा

Transliteration

saṃvatsarārtavo māsāḥ pakṣāhorātrayaḥ kramāt | kalākāṣṭhāmuhūrtādi nime ṣādi lavāstathā

Translation

အစဉ်လိုက် စံဝတ္ဆရ (နှစ်)၊ ရ္တု (ရာသီ)၊ မာသ (လ)၊ ပက္ခ (လဝက်) နှင့် အဟောရာတြ (နေ့နှင့်ည) တို့ ပေါ်ထွန်းလာသည်။ ထို့ပြင် ကာလကို တိုင်းတာသော ကလာ၊ ကာဋ္ဌာ၊ မုဟူရတ စသည့် အချိန်မાપများသည် နိမေရှမှ လဝအထိလည်း ဖြစ်ပေါ်လာသည်။

Word by Word

• संवत्सराः: years
• संवत्सराः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃvatsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• ऋतवः: seasons
• ऋतवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛtu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• मासाः: months
• मासाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• पक्षाः: fortnights
• पक्षाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• अहोरात्रयः: days and nights
• अहोरात्रयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahaḥ + rātri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (copulative: “days and nights”)

• क्रमात्: in sequence
• क्रमात्: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: krama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-निभः; पञ्चमी-एकवचन-रूपेण अव्ययवत् (ablatival adverb: “in order/successively”)

• कला: a unit of time (kalā)
• कला: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kalā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन (Singular)

• काष्ठा: a time-unit (kāṣṭhā)
• काष्ठा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāṣṭhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन (Singular)

• मुहूर्त: muhūrta
• मुहूर्त: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muhūrta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन (Singular)

• आदि: and the rest
• आदि: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; समाहार/आदि-अर्थक (indeclinable: “and so on, etc.”)

• निमेष: a blink (nimeṣa)
• निमेष: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nimeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन (Singular)

• आदि: and so on
• आदि: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; आदि-अर्थक (etc.)

• लवाः: instants (lavas)
• लवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/तुलना-वाचक (likewise)

Speaker

Śiva (contextual; confirmed explicitly at 8.39)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A ‘wheel of time’ (kāla-cakra) showing concentric rings: saṃvatsara, ṛtu, māsa, pakṣa, ahorātra, then finer spokes for kalā-kāṣṭhā-muhūrta-nimeṣa-lava; sages point to the wheel as a teaching diagram.

Characters & Entities

• Saṃvatsara
• Ṛtu
• Māsa
• Pakṣa
• Ahorātra
• Muhūrta
• Nimeṣa
• Lava

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Time itself is sacred and ordered; recognizing its divisions supports disciplined living and timely performance of dharma.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No tīrtha is named; the verse establishes a cosmological basis for sacred timing.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No specific rite is prescribed, but the mention of muhūrta and time-divisions implicitly underpins ritual timing (kāla-niyama).