Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 43

Tithi-Nirṇaya for Vratas: Ekādaśī Rules, Saṅkrānti Punya-kāla, Eclipse Observances, and Prāyaścitta

Devanagari script

पूर्वा गृहस्थैः सा कार्य्या ह्युत्तरा यतिभिस्तथा । गृहस्थाः सिद्धिमिच्छंति यतो मोक्षं यतीश्वराः ॥ ४३ ॥

Transliteration

pūrvā gṛhasthaiḥ sā kāryyā hyuttarā yatibhistathā | gṛhasthāḥ siddhimicchaṃti yato mokṣaṃ yatīśvarāḥ || 43 ||

Translation

အရင်တစ်မျိုးသော စည်းကမ်းကို အိမ်ထောင်ရှင်တို့ ကျင့်သုံးရမည်၊ နောက်တစ်မျိုးကိုလည်း ယတိ (သံဃာ/တပသီ) တို့ ကျင့်သုံးရမည်။ အိမ်ထောင်ရှင်တို့သည် လောကီအောင်မြင်မှုကို လိုလားကြသော်လည်း ယတိအရှင်တို့သည် မောက္ခ (လွတ်မြောက်ခြင်း) ကို လိုလားကြသည်။

Word by Word

• पूर्वा: the earlier (one)
• पूर्वा: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (एकादशी-प्रकारस्य)

• गृहस्थैः: by householders
• गृहस्थैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; करण/कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः (by/for householders)

• सा: that (one)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• कार्य्या: should be done/observed
• कार्य्या: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) + यत् (कृत्-प्रत्यय) → कार्य (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कृदन्तः—भाव्य/विधेयार्थकः (gerundive/future passive participle: ‘to be done/should be observed’)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic/causal particle)

• उत्तरा: the later (one)
• उत्तरा: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• यतिभिः: by ascetics
• यतिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; करण/कर्तृ-सम्बन्धः

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

• गृहस्थाः: householders
• गृहस्थाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्ता

• सिद्धिम्: success/accomplishment
• सिद्धिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म

• इच्छन्ति: desire
• इच्छन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• यतः: because
• यतः: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यतः (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतुवाचक-अव्यय (causal adverb: ‘because/wherefrom’)

• मोक्षम्: liberation
• मोक्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म

• यति-ईश्वराः: lords among ascetics (great ascetics)
• यति-ईश्वराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यति (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (यतीनां ईश्वराः) ; कर्ता

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada on ashrama-dharma)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It distinguishes spiritual disciplines by life-stage: householders prioritize dharmic prosperity and steady attainment, while renunciants prioritize the single aim of moksha.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By clarifying goals: bhakti in the householder life is often integrated with duties and righteous prosperity, while bhakti for renunciants is oriented toward exclusive liberation-focused surrender.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse is primarily dharma-shastric (ashrama classification) rather than a Vedanga topic; it practically teaches role-based application of discipline according to one’s ashrama.