Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 10, Shloka 26

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

एवं संसारचक्रेऽस्मिन् भ्रमता तात सङ्कटे ।

ज्ञानमेतन्मया प्राप्तं मोक्षसम्प्राप्तिकारकम् ॥

Transliteration

evaṃ saṃsāra-cakre 'smin bhramatā tāta saṅkaṭe /

jñānam etan mayā prāptaṃ mokṣa-samprāpti-kārakam

Translation

အချစ်တော်ရေ၊ အန္တရာယ်ပြည့်နှက်သော သံသရာ၏ လှည့်ကွင်းအတွင်း လှည့်လည်နေစဉ်၌ မောက္ခ (လွတ်မြောက်ခြင်း) ကို ရရှိစေသော ဤပညာကို ငါ ရရှိခဲ့၏။

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• संसारचक्रे: in the wheel of transmigration
• संसारचक्रे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसार-चक्र (प्रातिपदिक; components: saṃsāra + cakra)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• भ्रमता: by (one) wandering
• भ्रमता: Karta (कर्ता/Agent, participial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भ्रम् (धातु) → भ्रमन् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ-प्रत्यय), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine/Neuter agreement by context

• तात: O dear one (son)
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• सङ्कटे: in distress/difficulty
• सङ्कटे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्कट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); demonstrative adjective qualifying ज्ञानम्

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta (कर्ता/Agent, instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• प्राप्तम्: obtained
• प्राप्तम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) → प्राप्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with ज्ञानम्

• मोक्षसम्प्राप्तिकारकम्: causing the attainment of liberation
• मोक्षसम्प्राप्तिकारकम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोक्ष-सम्प्राप्ति-कारक (प्रातिपदिक; components: mokṣa + samprāpti + kāraka)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying ज्ञानम्

Speakers

• Unspecified speaker addressing a listener as ‘tāta’

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Mokṣa
• Jñāna
• Vairāgya born of experience

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Suffering and instability in worldly life can mature into liberating discernment; the verse frames jñāna as the decisive means for mokṣa.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Mokṣa-śāstra teaching within the Purāṇa’s narrative fabric; ancillary to the five-lakṣaṇa framework.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘wheel’ signifies compulsive momentum of vāsanās; ‘knowledge’ is the inner reversal (nivṛtti) that breaks the axle of ignorance.