Sutra 17

Devanagari script

शपथवाक्यानुयोगमनिषृष्टं कुर्वतः युक्तकर्म चायुक्तस्य क्षुद्रपशुवृषाणां पुंस्त्वोपघातिनः दास्या गर्भमौषधेन पातयतश्च पूर्वः साहसदण्डः ॥ कZ_०३.२०.१७ ॥

Transliteration

śapathavākyānuyogamaniṣṛṣṭaṃ kurvataḥ yuktakarma cāyuktasya kṣudrapaśuvṛṣāṇāṃ puṃstvopaghātinaḥ dāsyā garbhamauṣadhena pātayataśca pūrvaḥ sāhasadaṇḍaḥ

Translation

ခွင့်ပြုချက်မရှိဘဲ ကျိန်ဆိုစစ်မေးခြင်း (oath-interrogation) ကို ပြုလုပ်ခြင်း; သင့်လျော်သူမဟုတ်သူအား သင့်လျော်သော တာဝန်ကို ခန့်အပ်/အပ်နှံခြင်း (မှားယွင်းသော ခန့်အပ်မှု); သေးငယ်သော တိရစ္ဆာန်များ/နွားထီးတို့၏ ပုရుషত্বကို ထိခိုက်စေခြင်း (အင်္ဂါဖြတ်ခြင်း); နှင့် ကျွန်မ၏ ကိုယ်ဝန်ကို ဆေးဖြင့် ဖျက်ချခြင်း—‘ပထမ’ (အနိမ့်ဆုံး) sāhasa ဒဏ်ကြေးကို ချမှတ်သည်။

Word by Word

• शपथवाक्य: oath-statement / sworn words
• Type: Noun
• Root: शपथ + वाक्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (अनुयोगम् इति पदेन सह)

• अनुयोगम्: interrogation / examination
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनु + युज् (युजिर् योगे)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• अनिषृष्टम्: unauthorized / not permitted
• Type: Participle (Verbal adjective)
• Root: नि + सृज् (सृज् विसर्गे)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), ‘अनिषृष्ट’ = ‘not authorized/ not permitted’

• कुर्वतः: of one who does / of the doer
• Type: Participle
• Root: कृ (डुकृञ् करणे)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी (कर्तरि)

• युक्तकर्म: a proper act / duly performed act
• Type: Noun
• Root: युक्त + कर्मन्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (दण्ड्यविषय-समुच्चयः)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• अयुक्तस्य: of the improper (person) / of one acting improperly
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अ + युक्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी; ‘अयुक्त’ = improper/undue

• क्षुद्रपशुवृषाणाम्: of small cattle and bulls
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षुद्र + पशु + वृषन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, षष्ठी; ‘क्षुद्रपशु’ (small cattle) + ‘वृष’ (bull)

• पुंस्त्वोपघातिनः: of those that destroy virility / castrating
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुंस्त्व + उपघातिन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, षष्ठी/सम्बन्धे; ‘-इन्’ प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण; here qualifying an implied agent/act: ‘those causing injury to masculinity/virility’

• दास्याः: of a female slave
• Type: Noun
• Root: दासी
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी

• गर्भम्: the foetus / pregnancy
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया

• औषधेन: by a drug/medicine
• Type: Noun
• Root: औषध
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया

• पातयतः: of one who causes (it) to fall / causes abortion
• Type: Participle
• Root: पत् (पतने) / causative: पातयति
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ) causative sense, पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी (कर्तरि): ‘of one who causes to fall’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• पूर्वः: the first / lowest (grade)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; दण्डविशेषणम्

• साहसदण्डः: the sāhasa fine/penalty (for violent/forcible offences)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साहस + दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा

Entities Mentioned

• judicial officer/interrogator
• unfit appointee
• livestock owner
• dāsī (enslaved woman)

More Details

FAQs

Why penalize unauthorized oath-interrogation?

It curbs abuse of coercive evidentiary methods and keeps extraordinary procedures under formal authorization.

Why is livestock mutilation treated as a serious offence category?

Because it destroys productive capacity and thus harms household economy and state revenue indirectly.