Varaha Purana 196.7 — Adhyaya 196, Shloka 7

Description of the City of Dharmarāja

Yama

Devanagari script

नरनारीसमाकीर्णा गजवाजिसमाकुलाः ॥ नानादेशसमुत्थानैर्नानाजातिभिरेव च

Transliteration

nara-nārī-samākīrṇā gaja-vāji-samākulāḥ || nānā-deśa-samutthānair nānā-jātibhir eva ca

Translation

Kota itu sesak dengan lelaki dan perempuan, dipenuhi gajah dan kuda, serta didiami orang yang datang dari pelbagai negeri dan pelbagai komuniti.

Word by Word

• nara-nārī-samākīrṇāḥ: filled with men and women
• nara-nārī-samākīrṇāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + nārī (प्रातिपदिक) + samākīrṇa (कृदन्त; सम्+आ+√kṝ/कॄ 'to scatter, strew' → past participle)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); कृदन्त-भूतकृत् (past passive participle) 'समाकीर्ण'; तत्पुरुष (instrumental/associative sense): 'नरनारीभिः समाकीर्णाः'

• gaja-vāji-samākulāḥ: crowded with elephants and horses
• gaja-vāji-samākulāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gaja (प्रातिपदिक) + vāji (प्रातिपदिक) + samākula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष (instrumental/associative sense): 'गजवाजिभिः समाकुलाः'

• nānā-deśa-samutthānaiḥ: by/with origins from many regions
• nānā-deśa-samutthānaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nānā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + deśa (प्रातिपदिक) + samutthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष: 'नानादेशेभ्यः समुत्थानानि' (origins from various countries)

• nānā-jātibhiḥ: with many kinds/castes
• nānā-jātibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nānā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + jāti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष: 'नानाजातयः'

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

Speaker

Varāha (default dialogue frame)

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"None"}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"None","key_question":"None"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false,"topic":"None","instruction_summary":"None","karmic_consequence":"None"}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"descriptive-ethical frame","core_concept":"Worldly prosperity and social plurality are part of saṃsāric display, not in themselves indicators of dharma.","practical_application":"Do not equate urban splendor or demographic diversity with spiritual merit; assess conduct and karma."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Geography","Society","Heritage Sites"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: city/urban center

Cross References

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa 196.8-12 (continuation: conflict, karma, Yama-bound consequence)

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A teeming royal city street: men and women in varied regional dress, caravans, elephants and horses, merchants and travelers converging from many lands.","item_prompts":["dense crowd","elephants with caparisons","horses with riders","market stalls","regional costumes","city gates and banners"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: frontal, saturated reds/ochres; a bustling puranic city with stylized elephants and horses, layered crowds, ornamental architecture.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style: gilded city gate and royal emblems; richly adorned elephants/horses; jewel-toned crowd with embossed gold highlights.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style: delicate linework, soft shading; detailed costumes indicating many regions; balanced composition with city avenue receding.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari style: lyrical hill-painting palette; compact city vignette with rhythmic crowd patterns and expressive animals."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"descriptive, expansive","suggested_raga":"Vasantā (or a bright śuddha scale raga)","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"clear, narrative, lightly emphatic on enumerations"}

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Vaishnavism
• Ancient Geography
• Cultural History

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

The verse reflects a literary ideal of a prosperous center characterized by mobility, animals of status (elephants/horses), and multi-regional presence.

Which geographic location is identified?

No explicit place-name appears; the description is typological rather than geographically fixed.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The passage primarily describes social plenitude and cosmopolitan presence without issuing a direct ethical injunction.