Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 63

Devanagari script

यक्ष्मी च पशुपालश्च परिवेत्ता निराकृतिः । ब्रह्मध्रुक्परिवित्तिश्च गणाभ्यन्तर एव च

Transliteration

yakṣmī ca paśupālaśca parivettā nirākṛtiḥ | brahmadhrukparivittiśca gaṇābhyantara eva ca

Translation

Juga hendaklah dijauhi: orang yang menghidap batuk kering, penggembala lembu, “parivettā” (yang berkahwin sebelum abang sulung), orang yang ditolak/terbuang, si perosak kesucian Brahma (brahma-dhruk), “parivitti” (abang sulung yang adiknya berkahwin dahulu), serta mereka yang tergolong dalam kumpulan tercela.

Word by Word

• yakṣmī: a consumptive (one with yakṣmā)
• yakṣmī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣmin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘यक्ष्मरोगयुक्तः’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• paśupālaḥ: herdsman, keeper of cattle
• paśupālaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paśu + pāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पशूनां पालः)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• parivettā: one who marries before the elder (parivettā)
• parivettā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pari-√vid (धातु) + tṛ (प्रत्यय) → parivettṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘परिवेत्ता’ (ज्येष्ठभ्रातृपूर्वं विवाहकर्ता/अग्रविवाहितः)

• nirākṛtiḥ: one who is rejected/outcast (lit. rejection)
• nirākṛtiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nir-ā-√kṛ (धातु) + ti (प्रत्यय) → nirākṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘निराकरण/बहिष्कार’ अथवा ‘निराकृतः’ इत्यर्थे व्यक्तिवाचक

• brahmadhrukparivittiḥ: brahma-slanderer and the ‘parivitti’ offender
• brahmadhrukparivittiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahma-dhruk + parivitti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः—(ब्रह्मध्रुकः) (परिवित्तिः) इति समाहारः; ‘ब्रह्मद्रोही’ तथा ‘परिवित्ति’ (ज्येष्ठभ्रातृविवाहोत्तरं कनिष्ठविवाहः/परिवित्तत्वदोषः)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• gaṇābhyantaraḥ: an insider/member of a group
• gaṇābhyantaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa + abhyantara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गणस्य अभ्यन्तरः)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from Prabhāsa-khaṇḍa māhātmya discourse style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Householders/pilgrims engaged in pitṛ rites

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A śrāddha pavilion with a lineage-tree motif: elder and younger brothers; the younger’s wedding shown prematurely (parivettā), the elder shown distressed (parivitti). A figure harming a Vedic altar (brahma-dhruk) is depicted as excluded; a sick person and a cowherd stand outside the ritual boundary.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Ritual participation is tied to social-ethical order and non-violence toward sacred learning and persons.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa-kṣetra, whose māhātmya embeds dharma rules for offerings to gods and ancestors.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Avoid inviting/honoring specified disqualified categories for śrāddha/havya-kavya rites.