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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 8

Devanagari script

उपवासपरो भूत्वा ध्यायमानो महेश्वरम् । गीतवाद्येन हृद्येन नृत्येन द्विजसत्तमाः । धर्माख्यानेन विप्राणां वेदाध्ययनविस्तरैः

Transliteration

upavāsaparo bhūtvā dhyāyamāno maheśvaram | gītavādyena hṛdyena nṛtyena dvijasattamāḥ | dharmākhyānena viprāṇāṃ vedādhyayanavistaraiḥ

Translation

Dengan berpegang pada upavāsa (puasa) serta bermeditasi merenungi Maheśvara, wahai yang terbaik antara brāhmaṇa, (vigil itu) dihiasi dengan nyanyian dan alat muzik yang merdu, dengan tarian, dengan penceritaan dharma oleh para brāhmaṇa, serta dengan pengajian dan lantunan Veda yang luas.

Word by Word
उपवासपरःdevoted to fasting
उपवासपरः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of implied subject/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootupavāsa + para (उपवास प्रातिपदिक + पर प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.); तत्पुरुष-समास (उपवासे परः = उपवास-निष्ठः)
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√bhū (भू धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable)
ध्यायमानःmeditating
ध्यायमानः:
Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of subject/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√dhyai (ध्यै धातु)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (Present participle), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.)
महेश्वरम्Maheśvara (Śiva)
महेश्वरम्:
Karma (Object of meditation/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + īśvara (महा प्रातिपदिक + ईश्वर प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc./2nd), एकवचन (sg.); कर्मधारय-समास
गीतवाद्येनwith song and instrumental music
गीतवाद्येन:
Karaṇa (Means/Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootgīta + vādya (गीत प्रातिपदिक + वाद्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया (Instr./3rd), एकवचन (sg.); द्वन्द्व-समास (गीतं च वाद्यं च)
हृद्येनpleasing/charming
हृद्येन:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier of gītavādyena/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothṛdya (हृद्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया (Instr./3rd), एकवचन (sg.); (करणे विशेषण)
नृत्येनwith dance
नृत्येन:
Karaṇa (Means/Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛtya (नृत्य प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया (Instr./3rd), एकवचन (sg.)
द्विजसत्तमाःO best of Brahmins
द्विजसत्तमाः:
Sambodhana/Address (Vocative sense in context/सम्बोधनार्थ)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija + sattama (द्विज प्रातिपदिक + सत्तम प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), बहुवचन (pl.); कर्मधारय-समास (सत्तमा द्विजाः)
धर्माख्यानेनby narration of dharma
धर्माख्यानेन:
Karaṇa (Means/Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma + ākhyāna (धर्म प्रातिपदिक + आख्यान प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया (Instr./3rd), एकवचन (sg.); तत्पुरुष-समास (धर्मस्य आख्यानम्)
विप्राणाम्of the Brahmins
विप्राणाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (विप्र प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी (Gen./6th), बहुवचन (pl.)
वेदाध्ययनविस्तरैःwith extensive Vedic recitations/study
वेदाध्ययनविस्तरैः:
Karaṇa (Means/Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootveda + adhyayana + vistara (वेद प्रातिपदिक + अध्ययन प्रातिपदिक + विस्तार प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.)/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.) बहुवचन-तृतीया (Instr./3rd pl.); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष-समास (वेदस्य अध्ययनस्य विस्तारैः)
Speaker

Sūta

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Camatkārapura Mahākāla-pīṭha

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: dvija-sattamāḥ / dvijoत्तमāḥ (addressed brāhmaṇas)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A vibrant night vigil: devotees fasting and meditating while musicians play, dancers perform as offering, brāhmaṇas recite dharma narratives and chant Vedas in the lamp-lit temple hall before Mahākāla.

Characters & Entities
M
Maheśvara (Śiva)
V
Veda

FAQs

Purāṇic worship integrates body, mind, and speech—fasting and meditation joined to dharma-teaching and Vedic recitation as a complete offering.

Within the Mahākāla worship context at the named kṣetra (from the previous verse), the verse details the manner of observance.

Upavāsa (fasting), dhyāna of Maheśvara, devotional music and dance, dharma discourse, and Veda-adhyayana as components of the vigil.

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