Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 74

Devanagari script

उत्ससृजुर्गवां मध्ये तं देवैर्गोपितं तदा । ततो देवगणाः सर्वे महर्षीणां गणाः पुनः । स्वानि स्थानानि ते जग्मुर्मुनयो वीतमत्सराः

Transliteration

utsasṛjurgavāṃ madhye taṃ devairgopitaṃ tadā | tato devagaṇāḥ sarve maharṣīṇāṃ gaṇāḥ punaḥ | svāni sthānāni te jagmurmunayo vītamatsarāḥ

Translation

Lalu mereka melepaskannya di tengah kawanan lembu, sementara para dewa melindunginya. Sesudah itu, semua rombongan dewa dan kumpulan para maharṣi kembali ke tempat kediaman masing-masing—para muni yang bebas daripada iri hati.

Word by Word

• utsasṛjuḥ: they released/let go
• utsasṛjuḥ: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-sṛj (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), बहुवचनम् (plural)

• gavām: of the cows
• gavām: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (common usage), षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचनम् (plural)

• madhye: in the midst
• madhye: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचनम् (singular)

• tam: him/that one
• tam: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम् (singular)

• devaiḥ: by the gods
• devaiḥ: Karta (Agent in passive/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचनम् (plural)

• gopitam: protected/guarded
• gopitam: Karman (Object-qualified/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gup (धातु) + ta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचनम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगे विशेषणम् (qualifying 'tam')

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• tataḥ: thereupon/from there
• tataḥ: Kāla/Apādāna (Sequence/Source)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अपादान/क्रमसूचक (from there/thereupon)

• devagaṇāḥ: groups of gods
• devagaṇāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (devasya gaṇaḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचनम्

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifying devagaṇāḥ)

• maharṣīṇām: of the great sages
• maharṣīṇām: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maharṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचनम्

• gaṇāḥ: groups
• gaṇāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kāla (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: पुनरावृत्ति/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (again/once more)

• svāni: their own
• svāni: Karman (Object-qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifying sthānāni)

• sthānāni: places/abodes
• sthānāni: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sthāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), बहुवचनम्

• te: they
• te: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचनम्

• jagmuḥ: went
• jagmuḥ: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्

• munayaḥ: sages
• munayaḥ: Karta (Subject-apposition/कर्तृसमनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; अपपद-सम्बोधन/समुच्चयार्थे (in apposition to te)

• vītamatsarāḥ: free from envy
• vītamatsarāḥ: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √vī/vi-ita) + matsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहिः (yeṣāṃ matsaraḥ vītaḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (qualifying munayaḥ/te)

Speaker

Narrator (contextual Purāṇic narration within Tīrtha-māhātmya; exact speaker not explicit in the snippet)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A marked bull is released into a herd of cows; unseen yet suggested, devas guard it. In the sky/upper register, groups of gods and great sages depart peacefully to their abodes, serene and free of envy.

Characters & Entities

• deva-gaṇa
• maharṣi
• gāvaḥ (cows)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Divine order is restored: the gods protect what is sacred, sages depart without rivalry, and dharmic harmony prevails.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse sits within a Reva/Śālagrāma-linked tīrtha-māhātmya sequence, but it does not explicitly name the tīrtha in this line.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None explicitly; it narrates protection and release among cows, resonant with go-sevā and sanctity themes.