Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 43

Devanagari script

ब्रह्मोवाच । प्रावृट्काले तु सञ्जाते यानं कर्तुं न युज्यते । विजिगीषोर्विशेषेण मुक्त्वा शीतातपागमम्

Transliteration

brahmovāca | prāvṛṭkāle tu sañjāte yānaṃ kartuṃ na yujyate | vijigīṣorviśeṣeṇa muktvā śītātapāgamam

Translation

Brahmā berkata: "Apabila musim hujan telah tiba, perjalanan tidak sesuai—terutamanya bagi orang yang mencari penaklukan—kecuali pergerakan yang perlu untuk mengelakkan sejuk atau panas."

Word by Word

• ब्रह्मा: Brahmā
• ब्रह्मा: Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• प्रावृट्काले: in the rainy season time
• प्रावृट्काले: Adhikarana (Location/Time-अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रावृट् (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (प्रावृटः कालः)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थे

• सञ्जाते: when it has arisen/occurred
• सञ्जाते: Adhikarana (Temporal condition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + जन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘सञ्जाते (सति)’—सप्तमी-सम्बन्ध (locative absolute sense)

• यानम्: journey/travel
• यानम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• कर्तुम्: to do/to undertake
• कर्तुम्: Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable infinitive)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)

• युज्यते: is proper/is suitable
• युज्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)

• विजिगीषोः: of one wishing to conquer
• विजिगीषोः: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि + जि (धातु) → विजिगीषु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• विशेषेण: especially
• विशेषेण: Sambandha (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययीभाव (instrumental used adverbially); क्रियाविशेषण

• मुक्त्वा: having abandoned/excepting
• मुक्त्वा: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय

• शीतातपागमम्: the coming of cold and heat (i.e., seasonal extremes)
• शीतातपागमम्: Karma (Object of ‘मुक्त्वा’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीत (प्रातिपदिक) + आतप (प्रातिपदिक) + आगम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (शीतः च आतपः च) + तत्पुरुष (तयोः आगमः)

Speaker

Brahmā

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Brahmā speaks as teacher: dark monsoon clouds, rain curtains, swollen paths; travelers pause under shelter; only a small necessary movement is shown (seeking warmth/shade).

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Prāvṛṭ (rainy season)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma includes practical discipline: timing and restraint in travel and campaigns preserve order and safety.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is mentioned; the verse gives general yātrā/seasonal guidance within a māhātmya setting.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

A conduct rule: avoid travel during the rainy season, with limited exceptions for climatic necessity.