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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 19

पराङ्मुखाश्च हन्यंते पलायनपरायणाः । ते भवंति नराः प्रेता एतदाह पितामहः

parāṅmukhāśca hanyaṃte palāyanaparāyaṇāḥ | te bhavaṃti narāḥ pretā etadāha pitāmahaḥ

Mereka yang berpaling lalu terbunuh, hanya bersandar pada pelarian—orang demikian menjadi preta. Demikianlah yang dinyatakan oleh Pitāmaha (Brahmā).

पराङ्मुखाःturned away (from battle)
पराङ्मुखाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootपराङ्मुख (प्रातिपदिक; पराङ् + मुख)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural (those whose faces are turned away)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय; and
हन्यन्तेare killed
हन्यन्ते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; कर्मणि/आत्मनेपद (passive/middle): are slain
पलायनपरायणाःintent on flight
पलायनपरायणाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootपलायन-परायण (प्रातिपदिक; पलायन + परायण)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural (devoted to fleeing)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural (they)
भवन्तिbecome
भवन्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√भू (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; present (become/are)
नराःmen
नराः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural (men)
प्रेताःdeparted spirits
प्रेताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत (कृदन्त; प्र + √इ (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; nominative plural (departed spirits/ghosts)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; accusative singular (this)
आहsaid
आह:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अह्/√ब्रू (धातु; आह = perfect of √अह् 'to say')
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/परफेक्ट), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; perfect (said)
पितामहःthe Grandsire (Brahmā)
पितामहः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह (प्रातिपदिक; पिता + मह)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular (the Grandsire, Brahmā)

Narrator/Teacher (citing Brahmā as authority)

Type: kshetra

Scene: A warrior turns away in fear and is struck down; the narrative overlays a subtle preta-shadow motif, underscoring the consequence declared by Brahmā.

P
Pitāmaha (Brahmā)
P
Preta

FAQs

Cowardice and panic at a decisive dharmic moment are framed as spiritually harmful, leading to an unsettled post-death condition.

No tīrtha is specified in this verse.

Implicitly motivates Ekoddiṣṭa/Śrāddha for such departed; the verse itself states their preta-state as the reason.