Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 57

Devanagari script

चैत्रस्य ज्येष्ठमासस्य पंचैताः पूर्णिमा नृप । मनूनामादयः प्रोक्तास्तिथयस्ते मया नृप

Transliteration

caitrasya jyeṣṭhamāsasya paṃcaitāḥ pūrṇimā nṛpa | manūnāmādayaḥ proktāstithayaste mayā nṛpa

Translation

Wahai Raja, lima hari purnima ini—termasuk purnima bulan Caitra dan Jyeṣṭha—telah aku nyatakan sebagai tithi yang paling utama, bermula daripada tithi yang dikasihi para Manu.

Word by Word

• चैत्रस्य: of (the month) Caitra
• चैत्रस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ज्येष्ठमासस्य: of the month of Jyeṣṭha
• ज्येष्ठमासस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्येष्ठ-मास (प्रातिपदिक); घटकौ—ज्येष्ठ + मास
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्चन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या; विशेषण (numeral)

• एताः: these (f. pl.)
• एताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; निर्देशक-सर्वनाम

• पूर्णिमा: (are) full-moon days
• पूर्णिमा: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्णिमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (जातिवाचक/समाहारार्थे)

• नृप: O king
• नृप: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• मनूनाम्: of the Manus
• मनूनाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• आदयः: the beginnings, etc. (and others)
• आदयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘आदि’ = beginning/and others

• प्रोक्ताः: declared, stated
• प्रोक्ताः: Karma (Predicate participle; stated/declared)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + वच् (धातु) → प्रोक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तिथयः: lunar days (tithis)
• तिथयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• ते: those
• ते: Visheshya (Correlative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; अत्र—प्रथमा बहुवचन (those)

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (Instrument/Agent in passive sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• नृप: O king
• नृप: Sambodhana (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Skanda (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: nṛpa (king)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A sage addresses a king in a court-like hermitage setting, enumerating five full-moon days; above them, five moon discs appear in sequence, symbolizing the pañcaka.

Characters & Entities

• Manus
• King (nṛpa)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is preserved through lineage and cosmic order; honoring time-hallowed tithis aligns one with Manu-founded tradition.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single site is named in this verse; it continues a tīrtha-māhātmya discourse by establishing a hierarchy of sacred tithis.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Preference for certain pūrṇimā tithis as ‘foremost’ for Pitṛ-oriented observances.