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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 140

नक्तं दिनं निमज्ज्याप्सु कैवर्ताः किमु पावनाः । शतशोपि तथा स्नाता न शुद्धा भावदूषिता

naktaṃ dinaṃ nimajjyāpsu kaivartāḥ kimu pāvanāḥ | śataśopi tathā snātā na śuddhā bhāvadūṣitā

Jika para nelayan yang menyelam ke dalam air siang dan malam pun tidak menjadi suci kerananya, apatah lagi yang lain. Walau mandi seratus kali, seseorang tidak menjadi bersih apabila batin dan niatnya tercemar.

नक्तम्at night
नक्तम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनक्तम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
दिनम्by day
दिनम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Time/कालाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कालवाचक (accusative of time)
निमज्ज्यhaving immersed
निमज्ज्य:
Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि-√मज्ज् (धातु) → निमज्ज्य (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्-अव्यय)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having immersed)
अप्सुin the waters
अप्सु:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), बहुवचन
कैवर्ताःfishermen
कैवर्ताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकैवर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
किमुhow much more?/indeed?
किमु:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (अव्यय-निपात) + उ (निपात)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्न/उत्कर्षसूचक निपात (interrogative/emphatic particle)
पावनाःpurifying/pure
पावनाः:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Predicate complement/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootपावन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण
शतशःhundreds of times
शतशः:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: by hundreds/many times)
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (thus/likewise)
स्नाताःbathed
स्नाताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Root√स्ना (धातु) → स्नात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle, active sense), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; (कैवर्ताः) ‘having bathed’
not
:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)
शुद्धाःpure
शुद्धाः:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Predicate complement/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषण
भाव-दूषिताःtainted in disposition
भाव-दूषिताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootभाव (प्रातिपदिक) + दूषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दूष् धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (तृतीया/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध): ‘भावेन दूषिताः/भावस्य दूषिताः’ = ‘tainted in mind/intent’

Skanda (deduced for Kāśīkhaṇḍa context)

Tirtha: Gaṅgā in Kāśī (contextual)

Type: river

Scene: Fishermen repeatedly plunge into the river, yet a luminous sage points to the heart, indicating that inner stains remain; the Gaṅgā flows indifferent, reflecting the teaching.

S
Snāna (bathing)
A
Apsu (waters)
K
Kaivarta (fishermen)

FAQs

External rites like bathing cannot replace inner purity; intention (bhāva) is the real purifier.

The teaching belongs to the Kāśīkhaṇḍa’s dharma-instruction set within Kāśī’s sacred landscape, though no single tīrtha is named in this verse.

Snāna is acknowledged, but its efficacy is conditioned on pure intention and conduct.