Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

स्कंद उवाच । शृण्वगस्त्यमहाभाग स च राजा भगीरथः । आराध्य श्रीमहादेवमुद्दिधीर्षुः पितामहान्

Transliteration

skaṃda uvāca | śṛṇvagastyamahābhāga sa ca rājā bhagīrathaḥ | ārādhya śrīmahādevamuddidhīrṣuḥ pitāmahān

Translation

Skanda bersabda: Dengarlah, wahai Agastya yang mulia. Raja Bhagīratha, demi menyelamatkan para leluhur, telah bersembah-bhakti dan mengaradhana Śrī Mahādeva yang gemilang.

Word by Word

• स्कन्दः: Skanda
• स्कन्दः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्कन्द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• शृणु: listen
• शृणु: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• अगस्त्य: O Agastya
• अगस्त्य: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अगस्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• महाभाग: O greatly fortunate one
• महाभाग: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः महा+भाग (कर्मधारय); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• भगीरथः: Bhagīratha
• भगीरथः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगीरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• आराध्य: having worshipped
• आराध्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ+राध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भाव (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having worshipped’

• श्रीमहादेवम्: Śrī Mahādeva (Lord Śiva)
• श्रीमहादेवम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री+महादेव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः श्री+महादेव (कर्मधारय/उपपद-समास); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• उद्दिधीर्षुः: desiring to raise/restore
• उद्दिधीर्षुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्+धृ (धातु)
• Form: सन्नन्त-इच्छार्थक (Desiderative) कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• पितामहान्: forefathers/ancestors
• पितामहान्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (contextual frame)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Agastya

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Skanda narrates to Agastya: King Bhagīratha in austere posture worships Mahādeva, intent on rescuing his forefathers; the mood is solemn, vow-filled, and devotional.

Characters & Entities

• Skanda
• Agastya
• Bhagīratha
• Mahādeva (Śiva)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Deliverance of ancestors is achieved through devotion and austerity directed to Śiva.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The narrative is steering toward Kāśī and Maṇikarṇikā as the key sacred locus connected with Gaṅgā.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Ārādhana (propitiatory worship) of Mahādeva for pitṛ-upliftment.