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Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 29

सहोभौ चरतां धर्मं प्राजापत्यः स ईरितः । वरवध्वोः स्वेच्छय्रा च गांधर्वोऽन्योन्यमैत्रतः । प्रसह्य कन्याहरणाद्राक्षसो निन्दितः सताम्

sahobhau caratāṃ dharmaṃ prājāpatyaḥ sa īritaḥ | varavadhvoḥ svecchayrā ca gāṃdharvo'nyonyamaitrataḥ | prasahya kanyāharaṇādrākṣaso ninditaḥ satām

Perkahwinan Prājāpatya dinyatakan sebagai yang mana kedua-duanya—pengantin lelaki dan perempuan—menjalani dharma bersama. Perkahwinan Gāndharva lahir daripada kasih sayang timbal balik dan pilihan bebas kedua mempelai. Perkahwinan Rākṣasa, iaitu menculik gadis secara paksa, dikecam oleh orang-orang berbudi.

sahatogether
saha:
Sambandha (Association/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद-निपातः ‘सह’ (=सहितम्)
ubhauboth (of them)
ubhau:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootubha (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), द्विवचन
caratāmlet them practice / may they follow
caratām:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√car (चर, धातु)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ/विधिलिङ्गसदृश), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन (आशीर्वाद/विधि)
dharmamdharma
dharmam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/द्वितीया), एकवचन
prājāpatyaḥthe Prājāpatya (form of marriage)
prājāpatyaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprājāpatya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन
saḥthat (one)
saḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन
īritaḥis declared
īritaḥ:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√īr (ईर्, धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘उक्तः/निर्दिष्टः’
vara-vadhvoḥof the bridegroom and the bride
vara-vadhvoḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक) + vadhū (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (द्वन्द्व) ‘वरश्च वधूश्च’; षष्ठी (6/षष्ठी), द्विवचन
sva-icchayāby (their) own will
sva-icchayā:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + icchā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुष) ‘स्वस्य इच्छा’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/तृतीया), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)
gāndharvaḥthe Gāndharva (form of marriage)
gāndharvaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgāndharva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन
anyonyamaitrataḥfrom mutual affection
anyonyamaitrataḥ:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootanyonya (प्रातिपदिक) + maitrī (प्रातिपदिक) + tas (तसिल्-प्रत्यय)
Formसमास/निर्माणः ‘अन्योन्य-मैत्री’ + तसिल् (ablatival adverb) = ‘-तः’; अव्यय (adverb)
prasahyaby force / forcibly
prasahya:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpra-√sah (सह, धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययप्रयोगः; ‘बलात् कृत्वा’
kanyā-haraṇātfrom abducting a maiden
kanyā-haraṇāt:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootkanyā (प्रातिपदिक) + haraṇa (प्रातिपदिक; √hṛ धातु)
Formसमासः (तत्पुरुष) ‘कन्यायाः हरणम्’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5/पञ्चमी), एकवचन
rākṣasaḥthe Rākṣasa (form of marriage)
rākṣasaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन
ninditaḥis condemned
ninditaḥ:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√nind (निन्द्, धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्मणि ‘निन्दितः’
satāmby the good (people)
satām:
Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootsat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6/षष्ठी), बहुवचन

Parāśara

Scene: Three vignettes: (1) Prājāpatya—couple walking together with a dharma-banner, elders blessing; (2) Gāndharva—mutual garlanding in a grove; (3) Rākṣasa—abduction scene shown in shadowed tones with onlookers expressing disapproval, emphasizing condemnation rather than spectacle.

P
Parāśara

FAQs

Dharma honors consent, mutual duty, and virtue; coercion in marriage is censured by the righteous.

No tīrtha is mentioned; the verse focuses on moral classification of marriage.

Definitions: Prājāpatya (joint dharma), Gāndharva (mutual choice), and rejection of Rākṣasa (abduction).