Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 94

Devanagari script

कल्पकोटिशतं साग्रं पर्यायेण पृथक्पृथक् । नरकेषु च सर्वेषु त्रिंशत्कोटिषु संख्यया

Transliteration

kalpakoṭiśataṃ sāgraṃ paryāyeṇa pṛthakpṛthak | narakeṣu ca sarveṣu triṃśatkoṭiṣu saṃkhyayā

Translation

Selama seratus krore kalpa dan lebih—secara bergilir, satu demi satu—dia dipaksa menanggung semua neraka, yang bilangannya disebut tiga puluh krore.

Word by Word

• कल्पकोटिशतम्: a hundred crores of kalpas (vast period)
• कल्पकोटिशतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्प (प्रातिपदिक) + कोटि (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; समासः—‘कल्प-कोटि-शत’ (बहुपद-तत्पुरुष; परिमाणवाचक)

• साग्रम्: with an additional amount
• साग्रम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; ‘साग्र’ = ‘with an excess/plus (a little more)’

• पर्यायेण: successively
• पर्यायेण: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पर्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषणवत् (instrumental used adverbially); ‘in succession/one after another’

• पृथक्: separately
• पृथक्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; भेदवाचक

• पृथक्: each separately
• पृथक्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति (emphasis)

• नरकेषु: in hells
• नरकेषु: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Upapada (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• सर्वेषु: in all
• सर्वेषु: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• त्रिंशत्कोटिषु: among thirty crores (in number)
• त्रिंशत्कोटिषु: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिंशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + कोटि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; ‘त्रिंशत्-कोटि’ = त्रिंशत् कोटयः (संख्यापूर्वक-तत्पुरुष/द्विगु-प्राय)

• संख्यया: by count/according to number
• संख्यया: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; साधन/प्रकारवाचक

Speaker

Yamadūtas (continuation of the judgment narrative)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā-kṣetra (general)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A panoramic infernal cycle: the betrayer is led through multiple hell-realms in sequence; above, a cosmic clock-like kalpa wheel indicating vast time; Yama’s court presides.

Characters & Entities

• Naraka
• Yama

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Karmic consequences can be vast in duration and variety; grave wrongdoing ripens into prolonged suffering across many states.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single tīrtha is praised in this verse; it belongs to the Revā Khaṇḍa’s broader sacred-geography narrative.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a cosmological-ethical statement about the scale of retribution.