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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 28

योगप्रकारनिर्णयः

Classification and Definition of Yoga

मध्यमस्तु द्विरुद्धातश्चतुर्विंशतिमात्रकः । उत्तमस्तु त्रिरुद्धातः षड्विंशन्मात्रकः परः

madhyamastu dviruddhātaścaturviṃśatimātrakaḥ | uttamastu triruddhātaḥ ṣaḍviṃśanmātrakaḥ paraḥ

Bentuk “pertengahan” terhasil dengan menggandakan ukuran asas dan mempunyai dua puluh empat mātrā. Adapun bentuk “tertinggi” terhasil dengan melipat tigakan ukuran itu; ia lebih luhur dan terdiri daripada dua puluh enam mātrā.

मध्यमःthe middle (grade)
मध्यमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
द्विःtwice
द्विः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्विस् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; संख्यावाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (twice)
उद्धातःretained/held
उद्धातः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद् + धा (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; √धा (धारणे) with उद्-; अर्थः: 'raised/held up' (here: held/retained)
चतुर्विंशति-मात्रकःhaving twenty-four mātrās
चतुर्विंशति-मात्रकः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्विंशति (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + मात्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (चतुर्विंशतिः मात्राः यस्य)
उत्तमःthe best (grade)
उत्तमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिस् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; संख्यावाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (thrice)
उद्धातःretained/held
उद्धातः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद् + धा (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
षड्विंशन्-मात्रकःhaving twenty-six mātrās
षड्विंशन्-मात्रकः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootषड्विंशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + मात्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (षड्विंशतिः मात्राः यस्य)
परःhigher/superior
परः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; विशेषण

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Sthala Purana: Not applicable; continues the technical enumeration of mātrā-based gradations (madhyama/uttama) in yogic regulation.

Significance: Emphasizes graded sādhana (krama): increasing measures refine prāṇa-control and mental one-pointedness, aiding the soul’s (paśu) movement toward release from pāśa.

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches graded refinement in sādhana: as the practitioner’s steadiness increases, the mantra’s measured recitation (mātrā) is expanded from a basic form to higher forms, supporting deeper concentration on Pati (Shiva) and loosening the bonds (pāśa) of distraction.

Measured japa is a disciplined way to worship Saguna Shiva—often alongside Linga-upāsanā—so the mind remains fixed on Shiva’s name/form with rhythm and clarity, which in Shaiva Siddhanta becomes a support for inner purification and eventual ascent toward the transcendent (para).

Practice mantra-japa with accurate mātrā (timed syllabic measure), progressing from a basic count to doubled and tripled forms as capacity grows; this is best done with steady breath, a calm seat, and focused attention on Shiva.