Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 52

भक्ताधिकारि-द्विजधर्म-योगिलक्षणवर्णनम् / Duties of Qualified Devotees and Marks of Yogins

Devanagari script

तस्मात्क्रमेण संत्यज्य बाह्यमाभ्यंतरं तथा । ज्ञानेन ज्ञेयमालोक्याज्ञानं चापि परित्यजेत्

Transliteration

tasmātkrameṇa saṃtyajya bāhyamābhyaṃtaraṃ tathā | jñānena jñeyamālokyājñānaṃ cāpi parityajet

Translation

Oleh itu, seseorang harus melepaskan secara beransur-ansur kedua-dua keterikatan luaran dan dalaman. Dengan pengetahuan yang benar, seseorang harus melihat Realiti yang Boleh Diketahui, dan dengan itu membuang kejahilan juga.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनरूपेण हेत्वर्थे अव्ययीभूतम् (ablatival indeclinable: 'therefore/from that')

• क्रमेण: gradually, step by step
• क्रमेण: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषण (instrumental adverb)

• संत्यज्य: having abandoned
• संत्यज्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया

• बाह्यम्: the external (thing/state)
• बाह्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाह्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आभ्यन्तरम्: the internal (thing/state)
• आभ्यन्तरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आभ्यन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तथा: likewise, also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• ज्ञानेन: by knowledge
• ज्ञानेन: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• ज्ञेयम्: the knowable (object)
• ज्ञेयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त भाव्य/gerundive (‘to be known’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आलोक्य: having perceived/seen
• आलोक्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + लोक् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया

• अज्ञानम्: ignorance
• अज्ञानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज्ञान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• परित्यजेत्: should abandon
• परित्यजेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Shakti Dimension

Role: teaching

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches a step-by-step path: renounce external distractions and internal clinging, then realize the Supreme Knowable—Shiva as Pati—so that ignorance (ajñāna), the root of bondage (pāśa), falls away.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship and Saguna devotion purify the mind and reduce outer and inner attachments; this verse points to their culmination—jñāna in which the devotee perceives the one Knowable Reality signified by the Linga and transcends ignorance.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A meditative discipline of gradual withdrawal (vairāgya) and Shiva-centered contemplation: steady japa of the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with inner inquiry, using purified awareness to perceive Shiva and abandon ajñāna.