Rig Veda 8.1.13: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 13

Sukta 8.1

Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

मा भूम निष्ट्या इवेन्द्र त्वदरणा इव । वनानि न प्रजहितान्यद्रिवो दुरोषासो अमन्महि ॥

Transliteration

mā́ bhūma niṣṭyā́ ivéndra tvád araṇā́ iva | vánāni ná pra-jahitā́ny adrivo duroṣā́so amanmahi ||

Translation

Janganlah kami menjadi seperti mereka yang tersisih, wahai Indra—atau seperti yang sesat, terpisah daripada-Mu; jangan seperti rimba yang ditinggalkan. Wahai pemegang daya-batu, kami menganggap diri kami para pencari lindungan-Mu, yang tidak meninggalkan jalan.

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Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) / mā́

• भू॑म्: may we be / let us be
• भू॑म्: Kartā (implied ‘we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु) / √bhū

• निष्ट्या॑ः: (as) those who are lost/ruined; wretched ones
• निष्ट्या॑ः: Kartā (predicate-nominative with ‘भू॑म्’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्ट्य (प्रातिपदिक) / niṣṭyá-

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) / índra-

• त्वत्: from you
• त्वत्: Apādāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / tvád-

• अरणाः: without refuge/help; helpless
• अरणाः: Kartā (predicate-nominative with ‘भू॑म्’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरण (प्रातिपदिक) / áraṇa-

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• वना॑नि: woods, forests
• वना॑नि: Karma (with ‘प्रजहि’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक) / vána-

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• प्र: forth, away (intensifier with verb)
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र

• जहि: leave, abandon
• जहि: Kartā (addressed ‘you’ = Indra)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु) / √han

• तानि: those (things/ones)
• तानि: Karma (object of ‘जहि’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / tád-

• अद्रिवः: O wielder of the stone (pressing-stone), O Indra
• अद्रिवः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: अद्रिवन् (प्रातिपदिक) / adrívān-

• दुरोषासः: hard to please / ill-disposed (ones)
• दुरोषासः: Kartā (of ‘अमन्महि’)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: दुरोषस् (प्रातिपदिक) / duroṣás-

• अमन्महि: we deemed/considered
• अमन्महि: Kartā (we)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु) / √man