Rig Veda 5.43.4 — Mandala 5, Sukta 43, Mantra 4
Sukta 5.43
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (traditional; verify)
Devata: Soma (process imagery within a broader hymn sequence)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (to be confirmed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दश क्षिपो युञ्जते बाहू अद्रिं सोमस्य या शमितारा सुहस्ता । मध्वो रसं सुगभस्तिर्गिरिष्ठां चनिश्चदद्दुदुहे शुक्रमंशुः ॥
Transliteration
dáśa kṣípo yuñjate bāhū́ ádrim sómasya yā́ śamitā́rā suhástā | mádhvo rásaṃ sugábhastir giriṣṭhā́ṃ cániścadad duduhe śukrám aṃśúḥ ||
Translation
Sepuluh yang pantas memasangkan lengan mereka pada batu pemerah Soma—para pembentuk yang mahir, bertangan baik. Dari sari bermadu itu, sinar yang cekap menggenggam memerah aliran yang terang dari sumber yang tersimpan di gunung, mengalir lalu menetap pada laluannya.
Word by Word
दशten
दश:
विशेषण (संख्या-विशेषण) of क्षिपः
TypeNoun (Numeral)
Rootदशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
क्षिपःhands/arms
क्षिपः:
Kartā (with युञ्जते)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hand/arm’ in Vedic usage)
युञ्जतेthey yoke / they set to work
युञ्जते:
Kriyā (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
बाहूthe two arms
बाहू:
Karma (object of युञ्जते)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
अद्रिम्the stone (press-stone)
अद्रिम्:
Karma (object understood with ‘grasp/press’; linked with सोम-pressing)
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमस्यof Soma
सोमस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: of Soma)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
याःwho/which (fem. pl.)
याः:
Kartā (relative pronoun referring to क्षिपः/हस्ताः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शमितारःthe preparers / arrangers
शमितारः:
Kartā-apposition (to याः / क्षिपः)
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootशमितृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √शम्/√शम् ‘to quiet/prepare’; Vedic: ‘preparers, arrangers’)
सुहस्ताःhaving good hands, deft-handed
सुहस्ताः:
विशेषण (of शमितारः / the hands/agents)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-हस्त (प्रातिपदिक; su + hasta)
मध्वःof sweetness / of honey
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: of honey/sweetness)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
रसम्juice, sap
रसम्:
Karma (object of दुहे)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
सुगभस्तिःwith good grasp/hand, strong-handed
सुगभस्तिः:
Kartā (subject of दुहे; epithet of अंशुः)
TypeAdjective (substantival)
Rootसु-गभस्ति (प्रातिपदिक; su + gabhasti ‘hand/forearm, grasp’)
गिरिष्ठाम्mountain-standing, mountain-dwelling
गिरिष्ठाम्:
Karma (object/goal with चनिश्चदत्: ‘reached the mountain-dwelling [one/thing]’)
TypeAdjective
Rootगिरि-स्था (प्रातिपदिक; ‘standing on the mountain’)
चनिश्चदत्he reached / he came to
चनिश्चदत्:
Kriyā (with subject सुगभस्तिः/अंशुः)
TypeVerb
Rootचनि-√सद् (Vedic compound verb; ‘to settle upon, reach, come to’)
दुदुहेhe milked out / drew forth
दुदुहे:
Kriyā (main: ‘milked out’)
TypeVerb
Rootदुह्
शुक्रम्bright, pure
शुक्रम्:
Karma (qualifier/object with implied ‘juice’: bright/pure)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अंशुःthe Soma-stalk / the ray (Soma)
अंशुः:
Kartā (subject of चनिश्चदत्, दुदुहे)
TypeNoun
Rootअंशु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ray; Soma-stalk/pressed Soma’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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