Shloka 169

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

स सायकोराघवबाहुचोदितोदिशस्स्वभासादशसम्प्रकाशयन् ।विधूमवैश्वानरभीमदर्शनोजगामशक्राशनिवीर्यविक्रमः ।।।।

Transliteration

sa sāyako rāghava-bāhu-codito diśaḥ svabhāsā daśa samprakāśayan |

vidhūma-vaiśvānara-bhīma-darśano jagāma śakrāśani-vīrya-vikramaḥ ||

Translation

Anak panah itu, didorong oleh lengan Rāghava, menerangi sepuluh penjuru dengan sinarnya sendiri. Ngeri dipandang bagaikan api tanpa asap, ia meluru dengan daya dan langkah vajra Indra.

Word by Word

• सः: that
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सायकः: arrow
• सायकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सः इत्यस्य विशेष्य (apposition)

• राघव-बाहु-चोदितः: impelled by Raghava's arm
• राघव-बाहु-चोदितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rāghava + bāhu + codita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √cud/√cod)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle) ‘चोदित’ = प्रेरित; समासः—राघवस्य बाहुना चोदितः (तृतीया-तत्पुरुष)

• दिशः: directions
• दिशः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• स्व-भासा: by its own brilliance
• स्व-भासा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva + bhās (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; साधन/करण (instrument)

• दश: ten
• दश: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśan (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या; द्वितीया-बहुवचनार्थे (qualifying ‘दिशः’)

• सम्प्रकाशयन्: illuminating
• सम्प्रकाशयन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + pra + √kāś (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; परस्मैपद-प्रयोग

• विधूम-वैश्वानर-भीम-दर्शनः: terrible to behold like smokeless fire
• विधूम-वैश्वानर-भीम-दर्शनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vidhūma + vaiśvānara + bhīma + darśana (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—विधूमः वैश्वानरः (कर्मधारय) + भीमदर्शन (कर्मधारय)

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• शक्र-अशनि-वीर्य-विक्रमः: with power and stride like Indra's thunderbolt
• शक्र-अशनि-वीर्य-विक्रमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śakra + aśani + vīrya + vikrama (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—शक्रस्य अशनिः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) इव वीर्यं विक्रमश्च यस्य (बहुपद-तत्पुरुष-प्रायः)

Context

Discharged from Rama's arm, the terrific weapon went just as the Lord of god's weapon, which was like Indra's thunderbolt burning like fire, shining by its brilliance and went in all directions and cut the head of Vritasura.

Characters & Entities

• Rāghava (Rāma)
• Śakra (Indra)
• Aśani (Vajra)
• Vaiśvānara (Agni)

FAQs

How does this verse connect Rāma’s action to Dharma?

By portraying the arrow as divinely potent and unwavering in its course, the verse frames Rāma’s martial act as righteous force used in the service of restoring moral order—power disciplined by Dharma rather than personal rage.

Where is Satya (truth) reflected in this description?

Satya is implied through the arrow’s clear, self-luminous radiance and unstoppable momentum: it symbolizes truth’s capacity to illuminate all directions and move straight toward its rightful end, leaving no room for concealment or deception.