Shloka 84

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततोगत्वादशग्रीवमासीनंपरमासने ।ऊचुर्बद्धाञ्जलिपुटास्सर्वएवनिशाचराः ।।।।

Transliteration

tato gatvā daśagrīvam āsīnaṃ paramāsane |

ūcur baddhāñjali-puṭāḥ sarva eva niśācarāḥ ||

Translation

Kemudian mereka mendekati Daśagrīva yang bersemayam di singgahsana mulia; semua rākṣasa pengembara malam berkata dengan tangan dirapatkan penuh hormat.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then, thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / temporal setting
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb): 'thereafter/then'

• gatvā: having gone
• gatvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund, ल्यप्): 'having gone'

• daśagrīvam: Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
• daśagrīvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa + grīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः 'दश ग्रīvāḥ यस्य' (name)

• āsīnam: seated
• āsīnam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āsīna (प्रातिपदिक; √ās (धातु) से निष्पन्न)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle-like adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'seated' (qualifies daśagrīvam)

• parama-āsane: on the excellent seat/throne
• parama-āsane: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama + āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (locative), एकवचन; समास: कर्मधारय 'परमं आसनम्'

• ūcuḥ: said, spoke
• ūcuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• baddha-añjali-puṭāḥ: with folded hands
• baddha-añjali-puṭāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: baddha (√bandh धातु) + añjali + puṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष 'बद्धः अञ्जलिपुटः येषाम्' (folded-hands posture)

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-शब्द

• eva: indeed, just
• eva: Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle) emphatic

• niśācarāḥ: night-rangers (rākṣasas)
• niśācarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niśā + cara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष 'निशायां चरन्ति'

Context

All those night rangers, approaching the ten-headed king seated on an excellent se at greeted with folded hands and said.

Characters & Entities

• Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
• Niśācaras (Rākṣasas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Maryādā (proper conduct): even in tense times, courtly decorum—approaching with respect and clear speech—is maintained.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa is informed formally in his court; the attendants report after completing the task regarding Kumbhakarṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful communication and disciplined protocol.