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Shloka 2

एकोनचत्वारिंशः सर्गः

Dasaratha’s Lament, Sumantra’s Commission, and Sita’s Vow of Marital Dharma

रामस्य तु वचः शृत्वा मुनिवेशधरं च तम्।समीक्ष्य सह भार्याभी राजा विगतचेतनः।।2.39.1।।नैनं दुःखेन सन्तप्तः प्रत्यवैक्षत राघवम्।न चैनमभिसम्प्रेक्ष्य प्रत्यभाषत दुर्मनाः।।2.39.2।।

nainaṁ duḥkhena santaptaḥ pratyavaikṣata rāghavam |

na cainam abhisamprekṣya pratyabhāṣata durmanāḥ || 2.39.2 ||

Disiksa oleh dukacita, raja tidak sanggup memandang Rāghava (Rāma); dan walaupun menatapnya, hati baginda muram, baginda tidak mampu menjawab.

not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद्/इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एनद्-आदेश)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
दुःखेनwith grief
दुःखेन:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
सन्तप्तःtormented
सन्तप्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + तप् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
प्रत्यवैक्षतlooked at
प्रत्यवैक्षत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + अव + ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
राघवम्Raghava (Rama)
राघवम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootराघव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction ‘and’)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद्/इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एनद्-आदेश)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
अभिसम्प्रेक्ष्यhaving looked at
अभिसम्प्रेक्ष्य:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + सम् + प्र + ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive); ‘having looked at closely’
प्रत्यभाषतreplied/spoke back
प्रत्यभाषत:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति + भाष् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
दुर्मनाःdowncast/dejected
दुर्मनाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (दुष्टं मनः यस्य/दुर्-मनस्); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

After hearing Rama and beholding him in the robes of an ascetic, Dasaratha and his wives fell unconscious. With his body and mind afflicted with grief, Dasaratha could not look Rama in the face nor could he make a reply.

R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha

FAQs

The verse highlights how overwhelming sorrow can temporarily disable a ruler’s capacity to respond, even when Dharma demands composure; it implicitly contrasts human vulnerability with the ideal of steadiness (dhairya) in duty.

After Rāma appears in ascetic guise following the decision of exile, Daśaratha is struck by grief and becomes unable to meet Rāma’s gaze or answer him.

Rāma’s restraint is implied by the scene, while Daśaratha’s deep paternal attachment is foregrounded; the episode invites reflection on the virtue of emotional endurance amid Dharma-driven separation.