Valmiki Ramayana 2.12.78: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 12, Shloka 78

द्वादशः सर्गः — Kaikeyi’s Boons and Dasaratha’s Moral Collapse

Ayodhya Kanda 12

Devanagari script

अनार्य इति मामार्याः पुत्रविक्रायकं ध्रुवम्।धिक्करिष्यन्ति रथ्यासु सुरापं ब्राह्मणं यथा।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.12.78

Transliteration

anārya iti mām āryāḥ putravikrāyakaṁ dhruvam | dhikkariṣyanti rathyāsu surāpaṁ brāhmaṇaṁ yathā ||

Translation

Di jalan-jalan umum, orang-orang mulia pasti akan mencelaku sebagai ‘hina’, seolah-olah aku menjual anakku sendiri; sebagaimana mereka mencela seorang Brahmana yang meminum arak.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• अनार्य: ‘ignoble’
• अनार्य: Predicate/Label (विशेष्य-निर्देश)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन (उक्तिरूपेण/सम्बोधनार्थे ‘as non-ārya’); इति-पूर्वक-उद्धरणपदम्

• इति: thus
• इति: Quotative (इति-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्य-समाप्ति-सूचक-अव्यय (quotative)

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आर्याः: respectable people
• आर्याः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्ता

• पुत्रविक्रायकम्: a seller of (his) son
• पुत्रविक्रायकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र + विक्रायक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (पुत्रस्य विक्रायकः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्म (whom they will censure as...)

• ध्रुवम्: certainly
• ध्रुवम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ध्रुव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-प्रयोग; निश्चयार्थक (certainly)

• धिक्करिष्यन्ति: will censure
• धिक्करिष्यन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धिक् + √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple future), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; धिक्-उपसर्ग/निपात-पूर्वक (will censure)

• रथ्यासु: in the streets
• रथ्यासु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन; अधिकरणम्

• सुरापम्: a liquor-drinker
• सुरापम्: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरा + अप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (सुरां पिबति इति/सुरायाः अपः—‘drinker of liquor’); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपमान-पदम्

• ब्राह्मणम्: a brahmin
• ब्राह्मणम्: Upameya (उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; उपमान-विशेष्य

• यथा: as
• यथा: Upamana-marker (उपमा-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा/दृष्टान्त-वाचक-अव्यय (as/like)

Context

Respectable people on the highway will certainly say 'He sold away his son' and censure me as a mean person like a brahmin consuming liquor.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Kaikeyī
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rajadharma includes moral accountability before society; actions perceived as betrayal of parental duty and justice invite public condemnation.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha foresees disgrace if he sends Rāma away, imagining people equating it with the gravest social transgressions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The virtue emphasized is responsibility: a king and father must protect his son and uphold ethical norms, not act under coercion or delusion.