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Shloka 2

भरतस्य धर्मनिश्चयः

Bharata Affirms Lineage-Dharma and Urges Rama’s Coronation

शाश्वतोऽयं सदा धर्मः स्थितोऽस्मासु नरर्षभ।ज्येष्ठेे पुत्रे स्थिते राजा न कनीयान् भवेन्नृपः।।2.101.2।।

śāśvato 'yaṃ sadā dharmaḥ sthito 'smāsu nararṣabha | jyeṣṭhe putre sthite rājann na kanīyān nṛpo bhavet ||

Wahai insan termulia, inilah dharma yang kekal, teguh dalam keturunan kita: apabila putera sulung masih ada, maka adik tidak boleh menjadi raja.

śāśvataḥeternal; ancient
śāśvataḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśāśvata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; qualifies dharmaḥ
ayamthis
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; demonstrative
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (adverb of time)
dharmaḥdharma; law
dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
sthitaḥis established
sthitaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormKta (क्त) past participle, Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicative with dharmaḥ
asmāsuamong us; in our line
asmāsu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSaptamī (Locative/7th), Bahuvacana
nararṣabhaO best of men
nararṣabha:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnara-ṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana; 'bull among men'
jyeṣṭhein the eldest
jyeṣṭhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootjyeṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana; qualifies putre
putreson
putre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī (Locative), Ekavacana
sthitewhen (he) is present/established
sthite:
Sati-saptamī (सति-सप्तमी)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthā (धातु)
FormKta (क्त) past participle, Puṃliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana; locative absolute with jyeṣṭhe putre
rājanO king
rājan:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha (negation particle)
kanīyānyounger
kanīyān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkanīyas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; comparative degree; subject complement to nṛpaḥ
bhavetshould be; can be
bhavet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
FormLiṅ lakāra (Optative), Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana; Parasmaipada
nṛpaḥking
nṛpaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

O best of men! there is an ancient tradition in our race that the younger son cannot become king when the eldest is there.

D
Dharma

FAQs

Maryādā (normative order) governs succession: rightful precedence prevents disorder and personal ambition from overriding justice.

Bharata argues from dynastic dharma that he cannot accept the throne while Rāma, the elder, lives.

Commitment to lawful order and rejection of opportunism.