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Shloka 17

Adhyaya 20Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

दृष्टयोरत्र पाताले बहूनि दिवसानि मे ।

दिवा रजन्यामेवोभौ पश्यामि प्रियदर्शनौ ॥

dṛṣṭayor atra pātāle bahūni divasāni me |

divā rajanyām evobhau paśyāmi priya-darśanau ||

“Sudah banyak hari di sini, di Pātāla, aku melihat kamu berdua—siang dan malam—indah dipandang.”

दृष्टयोः(since) I saw (you two)
दृष्टयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/temporal-genitive)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle) ‘दृष्ट’; षष्ठी/सप्तमी (Genitive/Locative), द्विवचन; here used with ‘मे’ in sense ‘of my seeing/when I saw’ (constructional)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)
पातालेin Pātāla
पाताले:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootपाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
बहूनिmany
बहूनि:
Karma (कर्म; extent)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying दिवसानि)
दिवसानिdays
दिवसानि:
Karma (कर्म/extent of time)
TypeNoun
Rootदिवस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; काल-अवधि (duration)
मेof me, my
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
दिवाby day
दिवा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदिवा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time) ‘by day’
रजन्याम्at night
रजन्याम्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
TypeNoun
Rootरजनी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; काल-अधिकरण
एवindeed, just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)
उभौboth (of you)
उभौ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootउभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन
पश्यामिI see
पश्यामि:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
प्रिय-दर्शनौpleasant-looking
प्रिय-दर्शनौ:
Karma (कर्म; qualifier of उभौ)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय + दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘प्रियं दर्शनं ययोः’ = pleasant to behold
Nāga father (continuing) within the story

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Observation and suspicionRoutine disruptionFamily oversight

FAQs

Behavioral change becomes visible over time; the verse implies that sustained deviation from one’s normal duties draws inquiry, encouraging accountability within family and community.

Narrative (upākhyāna) supporting ethical reflection; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa enumeration.

Day/night repetition indicates the mind’s fixation: craving does not rest with circadian cycles; it persists until insight or detachment interrupts it.