Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 44

Yuga-Dharma: The Four Ages, Decline of Dharma, and the Rise of Social Order

ततस्ताः पर्यगृह्णन्त नदीक्षेत्राणि पर्वतान् / वृक्षगुल्मौषधीश्चैव प्रसह्य तु यथाबलम्

tatastāḥ paryagṛhṇanta nadīkṣetrāṇi parvatān / vṛkṣagulmauṣadhīścaiva prasahya tu yathābalam

Kemudian mereka pun merampas—dengan kekerasan dan menurut kekuatan masing-masing—sungai-sungai, tanah ladang, gunung-ganang, serta pokok, belukar dan herba ubatan.

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Kāla/Anantara (काल/अनन्तर)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAblatival adverb (तस्मात्-भाव)
tāḥthey (those)
tāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा 1), Plural (बहुवचन)
paryagṛhṇantaseized, took possession of
paryagṛhṇanta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpari + √grah (धातु)
FormLaṅ (लङ्, Imperfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
nadī-kṣetrāṇirivers and fields
nadī-kṣetrāṇi:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnadī (प्रातिपदिक) + kṣetra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व) 'nadyāḥ ca kṣetrāṇi ca' (collective); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया 2), Plural (बहुवचन)
parvatānmountains
parvatān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootparvata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया 2), Plural (बहुवचन)
vṛkṣa-gulma-oṣadhīḥtrees, shrubs, and herbs
vṛkṣa-gulma-oṣadhīḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + gulma (प्रातिपदिक) + oṣadhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व) 'vṛkṣān ca gulmān ca oṣadhīś ca'; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग) by last member, Accusative (द्वितीया 2), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
evaindeed
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), emphasis (अवधारण)
prasahyaforcibly, having overpowered
prasahya:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpra + √sah (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्-कृदन्त, अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग), manner
tubut, indeed
tu:
Sambandha/Avadhāraṇa (सम्बन्ध/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
yathā-balamaccording to (their) strength
yathā-balam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय) + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva (अव्ययीभाव) adverbial; Accusative-form used adverbially

Narrator (Purāṇic narration, traditionally through Vyāsa’s discourse)

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: karuna

R
Rivers
F
Fields (kṣetra)
M
Mountains (parvata)
T
Trees (vṛkṣa)
S
Shrubs (gulma)
M
Medicinal herbs (auṣadhī)

FAQs

Indirectly: by portraying forceful appropriation of nature, it highlights the opposite of Atman-centered vision—where one abides in inner fullness rather than grasping at external possessions.

No explicit practice is named in this verse; thematically it supports Yogic restraint (saṃyama) and non-possessiveness (aparigraha-like discipline), which the Kurma Purana later aligns with Shaiva-Vaishnava spiritual synthesis and self-mastery.

It does not state it directly; the verse functions as narrative groundwork where dharma and restraint are tested—principles that the Kurma Purana later frames through a unified Shaiva-Vaishnava theological lens.