Brahma Purana — On Varna Mobility Through Conduct, Karma, and Food-Ethics, Shloka 12
Devanagari script
शिव उवाच ब्राह्मण्यं देवि दुष्प्रापं निसर्गाद् ब्राह्मणः शुभे क्षत्रियो वैश्यशूद्रौ वा निसर्गाद् इति मे मतिः //
Translation
Ayat ini (bab 223, rangkap 12) wajar dibaca dengan penuh hormat agar difahami makna Dharma dalam Purana.
Word by Word
śivaḥŚiva
śivaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
brāhmaṇyambrāhmaṇa-hood
brāhmaṇyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
deviO goddess
devi:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
duṣprāpamhard to obtain
duṣprāpam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootduṣprāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with brāhmaṇyam
nisargātby nature; inherently
nisargāt:
Apadana (अपादान/Ablative-source)
TypeNoun
Rootnisarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); adverbial-ablative ‘from nature/by nature’
brāhmaṇaḥa brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
śubheO auspicious one
śubhe:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeAdjective
Rootśubhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन); adjective addressing Devī
kṣatriyaḥa kṣatriya
kṣatriyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
vaiśya-śūdrauthe vaiśya and the śūdra
vaiśya-śūdrau:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya (प्रातिपदिक) + śūdra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात), ‘or’
nisargātby nature
nisargāt:
Apadana (अपादान/Ablative-source)
TypeNoun
Rootnisarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); adverbial-ablative
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (उक्त्यर्थक अव्यय)
memy
me:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); enclitic
matiḥopinion; view
matiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
Speaker
Śiva replies to Umā.