Atharva Veda 4.31.1: Kanda 4, Anuvaka 4, Sukta 31, Mantra 1

Sukta 31

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सेनानिरीक्षणम्। त्वया॑ मन्यो स॒रथ॑मारु॒जन्तो हर्ष॑माणा हृषि॒तासो॑ मरुत्वन्। ति॒ग्मेष॑व॒ आयु॑धा सं॒शिशा॑ना॒ उप॒ प्र य॑न्तु॒ नरो॑ अ॒ग्निरू॑पाः

IAST Transliteration

tváyā manyo sa-rátham ārujánto hárṣamāṇā hṛṣitā́so marutvan | tigméṣava ā́yudhā saṃśiśānā́ úpa prá yantu náro agnírūpāḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

With thee, O Manyu, mounting their chariots, exulting, thrilled, O Marut-like, keen-arrowed, whetting their weapons—let the men, in Agni’s form, advance nigh and forth.

Translation

Pemeriksaan bala. Denganmu, wahai Manyu, menaiki rata mereka, bersorak gembira, bergetar semangat, wahai yang seperti Marut; berpanah tajam, mengasah senjata—biarlah para lelaki, dalam rupa Agni, mara mendekat dan mara ke hadapan.

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Word by Word

• त्वया: by you / with you
• त्वया: Karaṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मन्यो: O Wrath (personified)
• मन्यो: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)

• सरथम्: with chariot(s) / chariot-borne
• सरथम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• आरुजन्तः: rushing/charging forth
• आरुजन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: रुज् (धातु) + आ- (उपसर्ग); वर्तमान कृदन्त

• हर्षमाणाः: rejoicing
• हर्षमाणाः: Kartā
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: हृष् (धातु) (हर्षते) ; वर्तमान कृदन्त

• हृषितासः: exhilarated / thrilled
• हृषितासः: Kartā
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: हृष् (धातु) ; भूत कृदन्त

• मरुत्वन्: O Marut-possessing one / attended by the Maruts
• मरुत्वन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: मरुत्वन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)

• तिग्मेषवः: sharp-arrowed (men)
• तिग्मेषवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: तिग्म-इषु (प्रातिपदिक; समास)

• आयुधा: with weapons
• आयुधा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुध (प्रातिपदिक)

• संशिशानाः: sharpening (them) well
• संशिशानाः: Kartā
• Type: Verb-participle
• Root: शा/शि (धातु: श्यै/शि ‘to sharpen’) + सम्- (उपसर्ग); वर्तमान कृदन्त

• उप: near, towards
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (अव्यय)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (अव्यय)

• यन्तु: let them go / let them advance
• यन्तु: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)

• नरः: men, warriors
• नरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्निरूपाः: having the form of fire / fire-like
• अग्निरूपाः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अग्नि-रूप (प्रातिपदिक; समास)

Attribution

Rishi: Angiras/Atharvanic (Manyu-hymn tradition; exact r̥ṣi not recoverable here)

Devata: Manyu (personified Wrath), with Agni/Maruts as functional comparanda

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical confirmation)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: raudra