Rig Veda 3.8.4: Mandala 3, Sukta 8, Mantra 4
Sukta 3.8
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional attribution for RV 3.8 in the Vasiṣṭha family book)
Devata: Vanaspati / sacrificial post and the deities supporting the yajña (contextual); inner sense: the divine formative power that establishes the rite and uplifts consciousness
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for this section; requires full hymn metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
युवा सुवासाः परिवीत आगात्स उ श्रेयान्भवति जायमानः । तं धीरासः कवय उन्नयन्ति स्वाध्यो मनसा देवयन्तः ॥
Transliteration
yuvā́ su-vāsā́ḥ párivīta ā́gāt sá u śréyān bhavati jā́yamānaḥ | táṃ dhīrā́saḥ kaváya ún nayanti svādhyò manasā devayántaḥ ||
Translation
युवा, सुवासा (सु-वस्त्रधारी), आपल्या तेजाने सर्वतोवेष्टित होऊन तो येतो; आणि जन्मताक्षणीच तो अधिक श्रेष्ठ ठरतो. त्याला धीर ऋषि-कवी, स्वाध्य (आत्मसंयमी) होऊन, देवाभिमुख मनाने, उन्नत करतात.
Word by Word
युवाyoung (one)
युवा:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootयुवन्- (प्रातिपदिक) / यु (यौते इति धातु-सम्बन्धः)
सुवासाःwell-clad, wearing good garments
सुवासाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + वासस्- (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा सु- + वस् (धातु) → वासस्-
परिवीतःwrapped around, encompassed, clothed
परिवीतः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (past passive) used adjectivally
Rootपरि- + √वी (वी- वेष्टने/आवरणे) → वीत (क्त)
आगात्came, arrived
आगात्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootआ- + √गम् (गच्छति)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उindeed, surely
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
श्रेयान्better, more excellent
श्रेयान्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (comparative)
Rootश्रेयस्- (श्रेष्ठ-तुल्य/उत्तम-भाव) < श्रि/श्री-सम्बन्धः
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति)
जायमानःbeing born, as he is born
जायमानः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (present middle)
Root√जन् (जायते) → जायमान (शानच्, वर्तमानकाले मध्यम/आत्मने)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
धीरासःthe steadfast/wise ones
धीरासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective (substantive)
Rootधीरा- (प्रातिपदिक)
कवयःpoets, seers
कवयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकवि- (प्रातिपदिक)
उन्नयन्तिlead up, raise, bring forth
उन्नयन्ति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootउद्- + √नी (नयति)
स्वाध्यःself-impelled, of his own power/impulse
स्वाध्यः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + आध्य/आध्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्वाध्य’ = स्वाधीन/स्वाध्याय-सम्बद्ध ‘self-impelled/own-impulse’)
मनसाwith (their) mind, by thought
मनसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
देवयन्तःseeking the gods, god-ward, worshipping
देवयन्तः:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (present active)
Rootदेव- + √यम्/√यत् (इच्छायाम्/प्रवृत्तौ) → देवयन्त् (शतृ, वर्तमानकाले)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free Google sign-in keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.