Shloka 13

कुमारसम्भवः—गङ्गायां तेजोनिक्षेपः

The Birth of Kumāra/Skanda and the Deposition of Śiva’s Energy through Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा दिव्यं रूपमधारयत्।दृष्ट्वा तन्महिमानं स समन्तादवकीर्यत।।1.37.13।।

Transliteration

tasya tadvacanaṃ śrutvā divyaṃ rūpam adhārayat | dṛṣṭvā tanmahimānaṃ sa samantād avakīryata ||

Translation

त्याचे वचन ऐकून तिने दिव्य रूप धारण केले. तिची महिमा पाहून तो अग्निदेव सर्व बाजूंनी पसरला॥

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/that (fire-god)
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-सम्भव (of 'tad')

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• वचनम्: speech/words
• वचनम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)

• दिव्यम्: divine
• दिव्यम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; रूपम् इति विशेषण

• रूपम्: form
• रूपम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• अधारयत्: assumed/held
• अधारयत्: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धृ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; उपसर्ग: अ- (आङ्/अधि-भावे)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund), पूर्वक्रिया

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; महिमानम् इति विशेषण

• महिमानम्: greatness/majesty
• महिमानम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• सः: he (fire-deity)
• सः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• समन्तात्: on all sides
• समन्तात्: अधिकरण/देश (Locative sense: place-direction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (Adverb); पञ्चमी-अर्थे (ablatival sense)

• अवकीर्यत: was scattered/dispersed
• अवकीर्यत: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-कीर् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive sense)

Context

"Hearing the words of the Fire-god, Ganga assumed a divine form. Beholding her glory, the god of fire pervaded her from all sides.

Characters & Entities

• Agni
• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the respectful handling of sacred power: receptacle and agent both adopt fitting forms/approaches so that a higher purpose is served without violation.

What is the narrative situation?

Gaṅgā prepares herself by taking a divine form; Agni then encompasses her to effect the transfer.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverent adaptability: Gaṅgā and Agni adjust to the sacred task with dignity and restraint.