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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 56

The Greatness of the Gaṅgā (Gaṅgā-māhātmya): Saudāsa/Kalmāṣapāda’s Curse and Release

या नारी भर्त्तृरहिता जीवत्यपि मृतोपमा । तथापि बालवैधव्यं किं वक्ष्याम्यरिमर्दन ॥ ५७ ॥

yā nārī bharttṛrahitā jīvatyapi mṛtopamā | tathāpi bālavaidhavyaṃ kiṃ vakṣyāmyarimardana || 57 ||

जिचा पती नाही ती स्त्री जिवंत असूनही मृतासारखीच. तरी बालविधवापणाबद्दल काय सांगू, हे अरिमर्दन!

याshe who
या:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
नारीa woman
नारी:
Apposition (समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनारी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
भर्तृ-रहिताwithout (her) husband
भर्तृ-रहिता:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootभर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक) + रहित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (भर्तृणा रहिता/भर्तुः अभावेन)
जीवतिlives
जीवति:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), ‘even/also’
मृत-उपमाlike one dead
मृत-उपमा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (मृ धातु, क्त/PPP) + उपमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘मृता इव उपमा/सदृशी’
तथाthus
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), ‘thus/in that way’
अपिeven so
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), ‘still/however’ (with तथा)
बाल-वैधव्यम्early widowhood
बाल-वैधव्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootबाल (प्रातिपदिक) + वैधव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘बालस्य/बालायाः वैधव्यम्’ (early widowhood)
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; प्रश्नार्थक (interrogative)
वक्ष्यामिshall I say
वक्ष्यामि:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अरि-मर्दनO crusher of enemies
अरि-मर्दन:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootअरि (प्रातिपदिक) + मर्दन (मृद्/मर्द् धातु से प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘अरिणां मर्दनः’

Sanatkumara (addressing Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

N
Narada

FAQs

It underscores the gravity of separation and suffering within saṃsāra by portraying widowhood—especially child widowhood—as an extreme form of worldly pain, prompting reflection on dharma, compassion, and the need for higher spiritual refuge.

Indirectly, it highlights the fragility of worldly supports; such recognition often turns the mind toward seeking lasting shelter in Bhagavān rather than relying solely on transient social and familial conditions.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa) is taught in this verse; it functions primarily as a dharma/nīti statement emphasizing ethical awareness and social suffering.