Varaha Purana 75.77 — Adhyaya 75, Shloka 77

Description of Jambūdvīpa: its regions, mountains, measurements, and cosmic structure

Devanagari script

त्रिंशद्योजनसाहस्रं चक्रपाटो नगोत्तमः । जारुधिश्चैव शैलेन्द्र इत्येते उत्तराः स्मृताः ॥ ७५.७७ ॥

Transliteration

triṁśad-yojana-sāhasraṁ cakrapāṭo nagottamaḥ | jārudhiś caiva śailendra ity ete uttarāḥ smṛtāḥ || 75.77 ||

Translation

മുപ്പതിനായിരം യോജന വ്യാപ്തിയുള്ള ചക്രപാടം എന്ന നഗോത്തമൻ; ജാരുധി എന്ന ശൈലേന്ദ്രനും—ഇവയെ ഉത്തരദേശീയ (പർവത/പ്രദേശം) എന്നു സ്മരിക്കുന്നു।

Word by Word

• triṁśat-yojana-sāhasram: a thousand (extent) of thirty-yojanas
• triṁśat-yojana-sāhasram: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: triṁśat (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + yojana (प्रातिपदिक) + sāhasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: द्विगु (triṁśad-yojanānāṁ sāhasram) । नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; परिमाणवाचक (measure)

• cakrapāṭaḥ: Cakrapāṭa (name)
• cakrapāṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cakrapāṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• naga-uttamaḥ: the best of mountains
• naga-uttamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naga (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: कर्मधारय (uttamo nagaḥ) । पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन; cakrapāṭaḥ इत्यस्य विशेषण/अप्पोजिशन

• jārudhiḥ: Jārudhi (name)
• jārudhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jārudhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Avadharana (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle)

• śailendraḥ: Śailendra (lord of mountains; name)
• śailendraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: तत्पुरुष (śailānām indraḥ) । पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• iti: thus/namely
• iti: Prayojaka (उद्धरण/इति-समाप्ति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-शब्दः (quotative/marker of enumeration)

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• uttarāḥ: northern
• uttarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषणम्; पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (ete इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)

• smṛtāḥ: are said/are remembered
• smṛtāḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + ta (क्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP); पुल्लिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगे ‘(they are) said/remembered’

Speaker

Varāha (default, dialogue framework inferred)

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"None"}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"curious","key_question":"None"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false,"topic":"None","instruction_summary":"None","karmic_consequence":"None"}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"cosmological-methodological","core_concept":"Sacred knowledge is transmitted through ordered enumeration (nāma + pramāṇa), making the cosmos intelligible and rememberable.","practical_application":"Approach tradition with sequence and measure: learn names, directions, and proportions as a discipline of attention (smṛti) rather than mere data."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Geography","Heritage Sites","Cosmology"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: śānta

Geographic Context

Type: cosmic mountain ranges

Cross References

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa 75 (northern features list continues)

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A map-like tableau showing two colossal northern mountain ranges labeled Cakrapāṭa and Jārudhi, with scale implied by vast yojana extent.","item_prompts":["two massive mountain chains","north-direction marker","inscribed name-banners","sense of immense scale"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Stylized mountains with decorative contours; directional iconography; name cartouches in Sanskrit; balanced didactic composition.","tanjore_prompt":"Gold-highlighted mountain ridges; embossed name panels; cosmic-map framing.","mysore_prompt":"Naturalistic yet idealized mountains; fine inscriptions; subdued grandeur.","pahari_prompt":"Layered blue-grey ranges with crisp outlines; small label banners; airy northern atmosphere."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"didactic-solemn","suggested_raga":"Kalyāṇi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"clear, enumerative, authoritative"}

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Geography
• Ancient Indian Measures
• Vaiṣṇavism

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It preserves a Purāṇic-style geographic catalogue using traditional distance units (yojana), reflecting how early Sanskrit compendia organized regional knowledge through named mountains and directional groupings.

Which geographic location is identified?

The verse names Cakrapāṭa and Jārudhi as northern entities; their precise modern identifications are uncertain in the absence of corroborating regional glosses or matching toponyms in parallel Purāṇic lists.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than prescriptive; its philosophical value lies in documenting a cultural-geographic memory of landscapes as structured, named heritage within a broader cosmographic framework.