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Varaha Purana 162.65 — Adhyaya 162, Shloka 65

The Efficacy and Merit of Cakra-tīrtha

दुःखेन पीडितः क्षीणो मर्त्तुकामो द्विजोत्तमः ॥ गङ्गातीरात्समुत्तिष्ठन्दिशः सर्वा विलोकयन् ॥

duḥkhena pīḍitaḥ kṣīṇo marttukāmo dvijottamaḥ || gaṅgā-tīrāt samuttiṣṭhan diśaḥ sarvā vilokayan ||

ദുഃഖംകൊണ്ട് പീഡിതനായി, ക്ഷീണിച്ച്, മരണം ആഗ്രഹിച്ച ആ ദ്വിജോത്തമൻ ഗംഗാതീരത്തിൽ നിന്ന് എഴുന്നേറ്റ് എല്ലാ ദിക്കുകളിലേക്കും നോക്കി.

दुःखेनby/with sorrow
दुःखेन:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instr), एकवचन
पीडितःafflicted
पीडितः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootपीड् (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; ‘द्विजोत्तमः’ विशेषण
क्षीणःemaciated; weakened
क्षीणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीण (कृदन्त; क्षि धातु)
Formक्त (PPP) रूपेण विशेषण, पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
मर्तुम्-कामःdesiring to die
मर्तुम्-कामः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमर्तुम् (तुमुनन्त; मृ धातु) + काम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (उपपद: ‘मर्तुम् कामः’), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘द्विजोत्तमः’ विशेषण
द्विज-उत्तमःthe best of twice-born (Brahmin)
द्विज-उत्तमः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयसमास (‘उत्तमः द्विजः’), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन
गङ्गा-तीरात्from the bank of the Ganges
गङ्गा-तीरात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक) + तीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (षष्ठी: ‘गङ्गायाः तीरम्’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Abl), एकवचन
समुत्तिष्ठन्rising up
समुत्तिष्ठन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + उत् + स्था (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; ‘द्विजोत्तमः’ विशेषण
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), बहुवचन
सर्वाःall
सर्वाः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Acc), बहुवचन; ‘दिशः’ विशेषण
विलोकयन्looking at; surveying
विलोकयन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + लोक् (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; ‘द्विजोत्तमः’ विशेषण

Unspecified (default dialogue frame: Varāha as narrator/instructor)

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false}

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false}

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"Gaṅgā-tīra (bank of the Ganges)"}

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":true,"topic":"prayaschitta","instruction_summary":"Despair leading to death-wish is portrayed as a dharmic crisis; one should seek purifying counsel and remedial action rather than succumb to self-destruction.","karmic_consequence":"Turning toward counsel and expiation can restore dharma and vitality; choosing self-harm deepens suffering and obstructs righteous duties."}

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false}

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"Suffering and orientation toward dharma","core_concept":"Duḥkha can disintegrate the self, yet the sacred landscape (tīrtha) invites reorientation toward meaning and remedy.","practical_application":"In grief, relocate to supportive sacred/community spaces, seek guidance, and avoid irreversible acts made under mental collapse."}

Subject Matter: ["Geography","Ethics","Heritage Sites"]

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Type: sacred riverbank

Related Themes: Varaha Purana 162.162.1-2 (petition and inquiry preceding this depiction)

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"An emaciated brāhmaṇa rises from the Ganges bank, scanning all directions with hollow-eyed despair, as the river flows behind him.","item_prompts":["Gaṅgā river with gentle current","sandy/stone riverbank","thin brāhmaṇa figure, bowed shoulders","searching gaze to the horizons","minimal belongings (water pot)"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: dramatic profile of the gaunt brāhmaṇa against stylized river waves, deep somber palette, expressive eyes conveying karuṇa.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: riverbank scene with decorative water patterns, central figure elongated and sorrowful, gold highlights on river motifs and border.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: naturalistic river light, subtle facial modeling for fatigue, quiet background to emphasize isolation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: lyrical river landscape, pale sky, solitary figure looking around, delicate brushwork emphasizing melancholy."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"Lamenting, contemplative","suggested_raga":"Todi","pace":"slow","voice_tone":"low, heavy, empathetic"}

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Narrative
A
Ancient Sacred Rivers

FAQs

The Gaṅgā-tīra setting is a recurrent cultural marker in Purāṇic literature, associating moral crisis, purification themes, and pilgrimage landscapes.

The Gaṅgā (Ganges) is explicitly named; ‘tīra’ indicates the riverbank/ford area rather than a single city.

The verse depicts the extremity of despair; its ethical dimension is cautionary, situating suffering within a broader narrative that typically redirects toward counsel, restraint, or pilgrimage.

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